Who is Haunted by Whom? Steps to an Ecology of Haunting
Who is Haunted by Whom? Steps to an Ecology of Haunting
复制标题
谁被谁困扰？
作者：
Douglas Hollan
这个令人难以忘怀的比喻在人类学和其他学科中迅速流行起来，作为一种方式，让人们注意到通常超出传统社会分析范围的社会经验的各个方面：失去、剥夺、不安、不公平和不公正、后悔、悔恨、缺乏认可或误解等感受和经历。然而，由于许多对鬼魂学文献有贡献的学者在不知不觉中混淆了或未能区分过去不公正的隐喻性“闹鬼”与实际鬼魂的特征和行为，谁在什么情况下被谁闹鬼的基本问题往往仍然混乱或不清楚。我认为，闹鬼的关系方面--一些人经历鬼魂和闹鬼，而另一些人在同样的条件下没有--表明，对导致鬼魂出现和消失的动力的分析必须始终包括对鬼魂复杂情感生活的关注。
The haunting metaphor is rapidly catching on in anthropology and other disciplines as a way of drawing attention to aspects of social experience that typically fall outside the scope of conventional social analysis: to feelings and experiences of loss, dispossession, unease, unfairness and injustice, regret, remorse, lack of recognition or misrecognition, and so on. Yet because many scholars contributing to the hauntology literature have unwittingly confused or failed to distinguish between the metaphorical “haunting” of past injustices and the characteristics and behaviors of actual ghosts, the fundamental issues of who is being haunted by whom, under what circumstances, and for what reasons often remain muddled or unclear. I argue that the relational aspects of haunting—the fact that some people experience ghosts and hauntings while others under the same conditions do not—suggest that analyses of the dynamic forces contributing to the emergence and disappearance of ghosts must always include a concern with the complex emotional lives of the haunted.