Effects of Short-Term Waterlogging on Soybean Nodule Nitrogen Fixation at Different Soil Reductions and Temperatures
Effects of Short-Term Waterlogging on Soybean Nodule Nitrogen Fixation at Different Soil Reductions and Temperatures
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DOI：
10.1626/pps.14.349
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发表时间：
2011-10-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Shimada, Shinji
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Maekawa, Tomiya;Shimamura, Satoshi;Shimada, Shinji
日本稻田改作的旱田，由于地表排水不良、地下水位高，经常发生短期内涝。本研究的目的是阐明不同土壤温度下不同淹水持续时间（W）和淹水减土（WR）对大豆固氮的影响。通过W处理3、5和7天(d)，乙炔还原活性(ARA)降低，处理结束后3天(DAT)，ARA恢复到与对照(C)相同的水平。然而，温室中 WR 处理 3、5 和 7 天所减少的 ARA 并未恢复。在生长室中三种土温条件（低于30℃、约34℃和高于36℃）和两种涝害持续时间（3和5d）的实验中，无论土壤温度和涝害持续时间如何，W处理降低的ARA在处理后均恢复，而WR降低的ARA仅在低土温下短期涝害后恢复。当ARA大幅减少时，根瘤干重和根系呼吸速率显着下降。此外，3 DAT 时的 ARA 与 4 DAT 时的气孔导度 (SC) 呈正相关。我们的结论是，根瘤固氮因涝渍减少而恢复的能力受到土壤氧化还原电位和温度的强烈影响，根瘤的损害程度可以通过SC来评估。
Short-term waterlogging often occurs in upland fields converted from paddies in Japan, since paddy fields have poor surface drainage and a high water table. The objective of this study was to clarify the effects of different durations of waterlogging (W) and waterlogging with soil reduction (WR) on soybean nitrogen fixation at different soil temperatures. Acetylene reduction activity (ARA) was reduced by W treatment for 3, 5 and 7 days (d), ARA was restored to the same level as in the control (C) at 3 days after the end of the treatment (DAT). However, ARA reduced by the WR treatment for 3, 5 and 7 d in a greenhouse was not restored. In the experiments under three soil temperature conditions (lower than 30 degrees C, around 34 degrees C and higher than 36 degrees C) and with two waterlogging durations (3 and 5d) in the growth chamber, ARA reduced by the W treatment was restored after the treatment irrespective of soil temperature and waterlogging duration whereas ARA reduced by WR was restored only after the short-term waterlogging at a low soil temperature. The nodule dry weight and respiration rate of the root system significantly decreased when ARA was greatly reduced. In addition, ARA at 3 DAT was positively correlated with stomatal conductance (SC) at 4 DAT. We concluded that the recovery of nodule nitrogen fixation from the reduction by waterlogging is strongly affected by the oxidation-reduction potential and temperature of the soil, and the nodule damage could be evaluated by SC.