Contribution of Physical and Chemical Properties to Dithiothreitol-Measured Oxidative Potentials of Atmospheric Aerosol Particles at Urban and Rural Sites in Japan
Contribution of Physical and Chemical Properties to Dithiothreitol-Measured Oxidative Potentials of Atmospheric Aerosol Particles at Urban and Rural Sites in Japan
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DOI：
10.3390/atmos13020319
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发表时间：
2022-02
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Kazuki Kurihara;Ayumi Iwata;Samuel Gray Murray Horwitz;Kako Ogane;Tomoki Sugioka;A. Matsuki;T. Okuda-T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kazuki Kurihara;Ayumi Iwata;Samuel Gray Murray Horwitz;Kako Ogane;Tomoki Sugioka;A. Matsuki;T. Okuda-T
二硫苏糖醇测量的氧化电位 (OPDTT) 可以化学量化大气气溶胶对健康的不利影响。一些化学物质具有DTT活性，粒径和表面积控制DTT氧化性；然而，大气气溶胶对 OPDTT 的物理贡献存在争议。因此，我们在日本城乡进行了现场观测和气溶胶采样，以研究物理和化学性质对大气气溶胶OPDTT变化的影响。从肺沉积表面积与质量浓度之间的比率反演代表直径向超细范围的移动程度（即超细颗粒的优势程度）。还阐明了化学成分和OPDTT。我们发现 K、Mn、Pb、NH4+、SO42− 和可热解有机碳与 OPDTT 呈强正相关。因此，人为燃烧、钢铁工业和二次有机气溶胶是控制 OPDTT 变化的主要排放源。尽管水不溶性颗粒的表面积与 DTT 氧化性存在相关性，但比表面积的增加并没有导致大气气溶胶的 OPDTT 增加。总体而言，由于控制 DTT 氧化性的众多因素（例如水溶性颗粒的强烈贡献），大气气溶胶的 OPDTT 可以通过与 OPDTT 变化相关的化学成分的质量来估计。我们的研究结果可用于通过几个物理化学参数来估计 OPDTT，而无需直接测量。
Dithiothreitol-measured oxidative potential (OPDTT) can chemically quantify the adverse health effects of atmospheric aerosols. Some chemical species are characterized with DTT activities, and the particle diameter and surface area control DTT oxidizability; however, the physical contribution to OPDTT by atmospheric aerosols is controversial. Therefore, we performed field observations and aerosol sampling at urban and rural sites in Japan to investigate the effect of both physical and chemical properties on the variation in OPDTT of atmospheric aerosols. The shifting degree of the representative diameter to the ultrafine range (i.e., the predominance degree of ultrafine particles) was retrieved from the ratio between the lung-deposited surface area and mass concentrations. The chemical components and OPDTT were also elucidated. We discerned strong positive correlations of K, Mn, Pb, NH4+, SO42−, and pyrolyzable organic carbon with OPDTT. Hence, anthropogenic combustion, the iron–steel industry, and secondary organic aerosols were the major emission sources governing OPDTT variations. The increased specific surface area did not lead to the increase in the OPDTT of atmospheric aerosols, despite the existing relevance of the surface area of water-insoluble particles to DTT oxidizability. Overall, the OPDTT of atmospheric aerosols can be estimated by the mass of chemical components related to OPDTT variation, owing to numerous factors controlling DTT oxidizability (e.g., strong contribution of water-soluble particles). Our findings can be used to estimate OPDTT via several physicochemical parameters without its direct measurement.