Injection of energetic protons during solar eruption on 1999 May 9: Effect of flare and coronal mass ejection
Injection of energetic protons during solar eruption on 1999 May 9: Effect of flare and coronal mass ejection
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DOI：
10.1051/0004-6361:20000148
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发表时间：
2001
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
J. Torsti;L. Kocharov;D. Innes;J. Laivola;T. Sahla
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Torsti;L. Kocharov;D. Innes;J. Laivola;T. Sahla
1999年5月9日，SOHO卫星上的高能和相对论核和电子仪器（ERNE）观测到了一次太阳高能粒子（SEP）事件，该事件与西翼的日冕物质抛射（CME）和X射线耀斑有关。耀斑爆发附近的活动区日冕环结构被认为是爆发和同步的蓝移和红移的热等离子体的速度记录的SUMER（太阳紫外线测量发射辐射）仪器上SOHO。我们首次观测到一次事件中SEP注入的三个阶段：（1）第一个阶段，由耀斑引发的日冕（冲击）波通过触发的极硬谱注入，（2）半小时后开始的中硬谱阶段，与米波连续射电爆发同时进行和停止;（iii）在事件的后期，在第一次质子产生后约1.5小时，长时间的软谱注入占主导地位。日冕物质抛射的弓形激波加速提供了最后光谱修正的直接解释，而第一次加速似乎是由耀斑触发的。这些观测结果使我们得出结论，1999年5月9日SEP事件是由日冕和行星际加速过程的组合造成的，这些过程在与耀斑和CME相关的太阳喷发的不同阶段具有不同的重要性。与其他事件的比较表明，这是混合SEP事件的共同属性。
A solar energetic particle (SEP) event was observed on 1999 May 9 by the Energetic and Relativistic Nuclei and Electron instrument (ERNE) onboard the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) spacecraft in association with a coronal mass ejection (CME) and X-ray flare at the western limb. Near flare onset the active region coronal loop structure was seen to erupt and simultaneous blue and red shift velocities of the hot plasma were recorded by the SUMER (Solar Ultraviolet Measurements of Emitted Radiation) instrument onboard SOHO. We observe for the first time three periods of the SEP injection in a single event: (i) the first, extremely-hard spectrum injection triggered by the passage of the flare initiated coronal (shock) wave; (ii) a moderately-hard spectrum phase starting about half a hour later, proceeding and ceasing concurrently with metric continuum radio burst; (iii) a prolonged soft spectrum injection dominating in the late phase of the event, after about 1.5 h from the first proton production. The CME bow shock acceleration provides a straightforward explanation of the final spectral redressing, whereas the first acceleration seems triggered by the flare. These observations lead us to conclude that the 1999 May 9 SEP event was caused by a combination of coronal and interplanetary acceleration processes contributing with varying importance at different stages of the solar eruption associated with both flare and CME. Comparison with other events suggests that it is a common property of mixed SEP events.