Systematic Study of AGN Clumpy Tori with Broadband X-Ray Spectroscopy: Updated Unified Picture of AGN Structure
Systematic Study of AGN Clumpy Tori with Broadband X-Ray Spectroscopy: Updated Unified Picture of AGN Structure
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DOI：
10.3847/1538-4357/abccce
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发表时间：
2020-11
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Ogawa;Y. Ueda;A. Tanimoto;S. Yamada
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文献类型：
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作者：
S. Ogawa;Y. Ueda;A. Tanimoto;S. Yamada
本文用X射线团簇模型（XCLUMPY）对邻近活动星系核（AGN）进行了系统的宽带X射线谱分析。加上本文新分析的16个活动星系核，我们总共研究了28个活动星系核，包括Ichikawa等人和García-Bernete等人的未吸收和吸收活动星系核，这是分别用团簇环模型XCLUMPY和CLUMPY分析X射线和红外光谱的最大样本。爱丁顿比和从每个对象的X射线环面参数确定的环面覆盖因子之间的关系遵循Ricci等人基于统计分析发现的趋势。我们证实了Tanimoto等人的结果：（1）由红外数据确定的环面角宽度大于由X射线数据确定的环面角宽度;（2）在被遮蔽的活动星系核中，沿视线方向的氢柱密度与V带消光比（NH/AV）沿着与银河系的值相近。未遮蔽的活动星系核的视向NH/AV比明显小于银河系。我们的研究结果可以很好地解释了一个更新的统一的图片AGN结构，包括一个尘埃环，尘埃极地流出，和无尘气体，其中的倾斜度决定了X射线和光学分类和观察到的X射线和红外波段的环面属性。
We present the results of a systematic, broadband X-ray spectral analysis of nearby active galactic nuclei (AGNs) with the X-ray clumpy torus model (XCLUMPY). By adding 16 AGNs newly analyzed in this paper, we study a total of 28 AGNs, including unabsorbed and absorbed AGNs taken from Ichikawa et al. and García-Bernete et al. This is the largest sample whose X-ray and infrared spectra are analyzed by the clumpy torus models XCLUMPY and CLUMPY, respectively. The relation between the Eddington ratio and the torus covering factor determined from the X-ray torus parameters of each object follows the trend found by Ricci et al. based on a statistical analysis. We confirm the results by Tanimoto et al. that (1) the torus angular widths determined by the infrared data are larger than those by the X-ray data and (2) the ratios of hydrogen column density to V-band extinction (NH/AV) along the line of sight in obscured AGNs are similar to the Galactic value, on average. Unobscured AGNs show apparently smaller line-of-sight NH/AV ratios than the Galactic one. Our findings can be well explained by an updated unified picture of AGN structure including a dusty torus, dusty polar outflows, and dust-free gas, where the inclination determines the X-ray and optical classifications and observed torus properties in the X-ray and infrared bands.