Differentiated adaptive evolution, episodic relaxation of selective constraints, and pseudogenization of umami and sweet taste genes TAS1Rs in catarrhine primates.
Differentiated adaptive evolution, episodic relaxation of selective constraints, and pseudogenization of umami and sweet taste genes TAS1Rs in catarrhine primates.
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卡他灵长类动物鲜味和甜味基因TAS1R的分化适应性进化、选择性约束的情景放松以及假基因化
DOI：
10.1186/s12983-014-0079-4
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Li M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu G;Walter L;Tang S;Tan X;Shi F;Pan H;Roos C;Liu Z;Li M
背景味觉和甜味是动物识别碳水化合物和蛋白质营养饮食的两种重要的基本味觉感知。直到最近，对各种家畜和野生动物的鲜味和甜味进行了分析。虽然这些研究大多集中在味觉基因的伪基因化，这主要发生在食肉动物和物种的绝对摄食专业化，杂食动物和草食动物或多或少被忽视。卡他鼻灵长类是一组食草动物（主要以植物为食），在饮食偏好上存在显著差异，特别是专门的食叶性Colobinae。在这里，我们进行了最全面的调查，迄今为止的选择压力的甜味和鲜味的口味基因（TAS1Rs）在catarrhine灵长类动物，以测试是否发生特定的适应性进化过程中的多样化，与特定的植物diets.ResultsWe记录显着放松甜味基因TAS1R2的选择性限制在祖先分支的Colobinae，这可能与它们对树叶的独特摄取和消化有关。此外，我们确定了正选择作用于猕猴科谱系的鲜味基因TAS1R1，对猕猴亚科和现存的Colobinae和Hylobatidae谱系的TAS1R2，和猕猴谱系的TAS1R3。我们的研究进一步确定了在Cercopithecidae，Colobinae和Pygathrix中的几个位点突变，这些突变在以前的研究中被检测到改变受体的敏感性。阳性选择位点主要位于TAS1Rs的细胞外区域。在这些积极选择的网站，两个重要的网站TAS1R1和4个重要的网站TAS1R2在细胞外区域被确定为负责通过分子建模和对接结果表明，情节和分化的适应性进化的TAS1Rs普遍发生在卡他鼻灵长类动物，最集中在TAS1Rs的细胞外区域的结合某些甜味和鲜味分子。
BackgroundUmami and sweet tastes are two important basic taste perceptions that allow animals to recognize diets with nutritious carbohydrates and proteins, respectively. Until recently, analyses of umami and sweet taste were performed on various domestic and wild animals. While most of these studies focused on the pseudogenization of taste genes, which occur mostly in carnivores and species with absolute feeding specialization, omnivores and herbivores were more or less neglected. Catarrhine primates are a group of herbivorous animals (feeding mostly on plants) with significant divergence in dietary preference, especially the specialized folivorous Colobinae. Here, we conducted the most comprehensive investigation to date of selection pressure on sweet and umami taste genes (TAS1Rs) in catarrhine primates to test whether specific adaptive evolution occurred during their diversification, in association with particular plant diets.ResultsWe documented significant relaxation of selective constraints on sweet taste gene TAS1R2 in the ancestral branch of Colobinae, which might correlate with their unique ingestion and digestion of leaves. Additionally, we identified positive selection acting on Cercopithecidae lineages for the umami taste gene TAS1R1, on the Cercopithecinae and extant Colobinae and Hylobatidae lineages for TAS1R2, and on Macaca lineages for TAS1R3. Our research further identified several site mutations in Cercopithecidae, Colobinae and Pygathrix, which were detected by previous studies altering the sensitivity of receptors. The positively selected sites were located mostly on the extra-cellular region of TAS1Rs. Among these positively selected sites, two vital sites for TAS1R1 and four vital sites for TAS1R2 in extra-cellular region were identified as being responsible for the binding of certain sweet and umami taste molecules through molecular modelling and docking.ConclusionsOur results suggest that episodic and differentiated adaptive evolution of TAS1Rs pervasively occurred in catarrhine primates, most concentrated upon the extra-cellular region of TAS1Rs.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bbamem.2009.07.021
发表时间：
2010-02
期刊：
Biochimica et biophysica acta
影响因子：
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作者：
Assadi-Porter FM;Tonelli M;Maillet EL;Markley JL;Max M
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影响因子：
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影响因子：
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作者：
Fan, Peng-Fei;Fei, Han-Lan;Ma, Chang-Yong
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DOI：
10.1007/0-387-27733-1_5
发表时间：
2005-01-01
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STATISTICAL METHODS IN MOLECULAR EVOLUTION
影响因子：
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