The relationship between persistent organic pollutants in maternal and neonatal tissues and immune responses to allergens: A novel exploratory study
The relationship between persistent organic pollutants in maternal and neonatal tissues and immune responses to allergens: A novel exploratory study
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.09.008
复制
发表时间：
2006-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Prescott, Susan L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Noakes, Paul S.;Taylor, Peter;Prescott, Susan L.
背景：现代持久性有机污染物(POPs)污染是研究过敏性疾病和逐步工业化之间尚未解释的联系的合乎逻辑的候选对象。已在人类脐带血、胎盘组织和母乳中检测到持久性有机污染物，已报道的脐带血IgE水平与脐带/胎盘POP水平之间的相关性已引起人们对早期生命潜在免疫效应的关注。方法：本研究的初始目的是确定随机选择的31名过敏疾病流行的西澳大利亚妇女(n=31)的母血、脐血、胎盘组织、脂肪组织和母乳中是否检测到持久性有机污染物。用气相色谱法测定了多氯联苯(PCBS)(如Aroclor 1232、1254、1260)和有机氯(OC)农药，包括p，p‘-DDT、p，p’-DDE、六氯苯(HCB)、林丹、环氧七氯苯、狄氏剂和氯丹。其次，我们评估了体内检测的POP水平与母亲和新生儿对变应原和有丝分裂原的反应(细胞因子和淋巴细胞增殖)之间的关系。结果：在脂肪组织和母乳中检测到低水平的POP污染(而在脐带血、母血和胎盘组织中未检测到)。在超过90%的脂肪组织样本中发现的最普遍的化合物是DDT的OC代谢物pp‘-DDE(中位数0.07 mg/kg；四分位数范围[IQR]0.05-0.12)。然而，大多数其他有机化合物不能被检测到，在任何样品中都不能检测到多氯联苯。在母乳中检出的三种主要残留是对苯二酚(0.003 mg/L；0.001-0.009)、狄氏剂(0.001 mg/L；0.001-0.046)和六氯苯(0.001 mg/L；0.001-0.001)。这些水平明显低于20多年前报告的水平。在体内的POP水平与母婴反应之间没有一致的关系，除了母体脂肪组织OCp，p‘-DDE水平与母体T辅助细胞I型干扰素-7有丝分裂原的显著负相关(Spearman等级相关：r=-0.406，p=0.049)。结论：本研究提供了自1990年S以来澳大利亚首次发现脂肪OC水平持续下降的证据。在这组随机选择的人群中，可以忽略的水平明显低于之前记录的水平，这表明POP污染(生物相关水平)不太可能是西澳大利亚州过敏率上升的主要原因。然而，Th1免疫功能与OC污染之间的关系与其他报道一致，值得在OC污染较大的人群中作为一个相关因素进行研究。(C)2005爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
Background: Modern persistent organic pollutants (POPs) contamination are logical candidates in the investigation of the, as yet, unexplained association between allergic disease and progressive industrialisation. POPs have been detected in human cord blood, placental tissues and breast milk, and the reported association between cord blood IgE levels and cord/placental POP levels has raised concerns about potential immunological effects in early life.Methods: The initial aim of this study was to determine if POPs were detectable in maternal blood, cord blood, placental tissues, adipose tissue and breast milk samples from randomly selected Western Australian women (n = 31), where allergic disease is epidemic. Gas chromatography was used to detect polychlorinated biphenyl compounds [PCBs] (as Aroclor 1232, 1254, 1260) and organochlorine (OC) pesticides, including p,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDE, hexachlorobenzene (HCB), lindane, heptachlor epoxide, dieldrin and chlordane. Secondly, we assessed the relationship between POP levels detected in vivo and maternal and neonatal responses (cytokine and lymphoproliferation) to allergens and mitogens.Results: Low level POP contamination was detected in adipose tissue and breast milk (but not in cord blood, maternal blood or placental tissues). The most ubiquitous compound found in over 90% of adipose tissues samples was a OC metabolite of DDT, pp'-DDE (median 0.07 mg/kg; interquartile range [IQR] 0.05-0.12). However, the majority of other OC compounds were not detectable and PCB were not detectable in any samples. The three main residues detected in breast milk were pp'-DDE (0.003 mg/l; 0.001-0.009), dieldrin (0.001 mg/l; 0.001-0.046) and HCB (0.001 mg/l; 0.001-0.001). These levels are significantly lower than reported over 20 years ago. There were no consistent relationships between POP levels in vivo and maternal or infant responses, with the exception of a significant inverse association (Spearman rank correlation: r = -0.406, p = 0.049) between maternal adipose tissue levels of OC p,p'-DDE and maternal T helper cell Type I interferon [IFN] 7 to mitogens.Conclusion: This study provides the first evidence (in Australia) since the early 1990's that adipose OC levels have continued to fall. The negligible levels in this randomly selected group are significantly lower than those previously recorded, suggesting that POP contamination (at biologically relevant levels) is not likely to be a major contributing factor in the increasing rates of allergy in Western Australia. However, the relationship between Th1 immune function and OC contamination is consistent with other reports and is worth investigating as a relevant factor in populations where OC contamination is greater. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.