The Present and Future of Rapeseed Production in China
The Present and Future of Rapeseed Production in China
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发表时间：
2003
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通讯作者：
F. Ting
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作者：
F. Ting
20世纪80年代以来，特别是90年代以来，我国油菜产量稳步增长，年均种植面积625万公顷，5.70~6.90万公顷，是20世纪50年代的3倍~自1960年代以来，总产量增加了10倍。目前植物油总产量约为850万吨，1985~2000年，我国正式登记的双低品种有90个，其中OP品种61个，杂交种29个，最优双低OP品种的产量潜力比双高对照高5%左右，预计5~10年内种植面积可达700 ~ 800万hm 2，移栽面积将减少，3~5年内双低品种将取代双高品种，种植面积将增加，细胞质雄性不育和细胞核雄性不育仍是杂交种选育的两条重要途径。油菜种植面积将达到50%以上，除优质、高产外，高含油量和抗病性将是油菜育种的两个重要目标，油菜产品的加工水平将大大提高。
The rapeseed production in China has been increased steadily since 1980s,especially in 1990s.The yearly average planting acreage of repeseed is 6.25 million hectares,from 5.70～6.90 million hectares.It is three times of the planting acreage in 1950s～1960s.And the total production has been increased 10 times since then.The total vegetable oil production at present is about 8.5 million tons,but the consumption is 11～12 million tons,shortage of 3～4 million tons.There are 90 double low cultivars registered officially in China during 1985～2000,of which 61 are OP cultivars and 29 are hybrids.The yield potential of the best double low OP cultivars is about 5% higher than that of the double high check,and the best hybrids are about 15%～20% higher than the double high check.It is predicated that:the planting acreage can reach 7～8 million hectares in 5～10 years;the acreage of transplanting rapeseed will decrease;double low cultivars will replace double high cultivars in 3～5 years;the planting acreage will increase;cytoplasm male sterility and genie male sterility are still the important two way for hybrid breeding;the planting acreage will be over 50%;besides the high quality and the high yield,high oil content and good disease resistance will be two important breeding aims;the processing level of rapeseed products will be improved greatly.