Sound pressure levels generated at risk volume steps of portable listening devices: types of smartphone and genres of music.
Sound pressure levels generated at risk volume steps of portable listening devices: types of smartphone and genres of music.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12889-018-5399-4
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发表时间：
2018-05-01
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Han W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kim G;Han W
目前的研究估计了当代智能手机提供的音量级的各种音乐类型的声压水平，因为这些水平使听众面临听力损失的潜在风险。使用六种不同的智能手机（Galaxy S6，Galaxy Note 3，iPhone 5S，iPhone 6，LG G2和LG G3），三种类型的K-pop音乐的声压水平（流行舞曲、嘻哈音乐和流行民谣）和各种流派的公告牌流行音乐排行榜通过耳塞测量第一个处于智能手机提出的风险标志的风险音量，以及使用声级计和人造乳突连续提高音量。在六款智能手机中，Galaxy S6和LG G2的第一个风险音量步骤分别具有最低（84.1 dBA）和最高（92.4 dBA）的输出水平。随着音量阶跃的增加，声压级也增加。iPhone 6在最大音量阶段的声音最大（113.1 dBA）。在音乐类型中，流行舞曲在所有智能手机中显示出最高的输出水平（91.1 dBA）。在20~ 20，000 Hz的频率范围内，所有智能手机的声压级在2000 Hz处达到峰值。结果表明，对于不同的智能手机型号和音乐类型，第一音量阶跃或最大音量阶跃的声压级并不相同，这意味着风险音量标志及其输出水平应在设备之间统一。此外，最新智能手机型号提出的风险音量步骤足够高，如果用户习惯性地听这些级别的音乐，就会导致噪音引起的听力损失。
The present study estimated the sound pressure levels of various music genres at the volume steps that contemporary smartphones deliver, because these levels put the listener at potential risk for hearing loss. Using six different smartphones (Galaxy S6, Galaxy Note 3, iPhone 5S, iPhone 6, LG G2, and LG G3), the sound pressure levels for three genres of K-pop music (dance-pop, hip-hop, and pop-ballad) and a Billboard pop chart of assorted genres were measured through an earbud for the first risk volume that was at the risk sign proposed by the smartphones, as well as consecutive higher volumes using a sound level meter and artificial mastoid. The first risk volume step of the Galaxy S6 and the LG G2, among the six smartphones, had the significantly lowest (84.1 dBA) and highest output levels (92.4 dBA), respectively. As the volume step increased, so did the sound pressure levels. The iPhone 6 was loudest (113.1 dBA) at the maximum volume step. Of the music genres, dance-pop showed the highest output level (91.1 dBA) for all smartphones. Within the frequency range of 20~ 20,000 Hz, the sound pressure level peaked at 2000 Hz for all the smartphones. The results showed that the sound pressure levels of either the first volume step or the maximum volume step were not the same for the different smartphone models and genres of music, which means that the risk volume sign and its output levels should be unified across the devices for their users. In addition, the risk volume steps proposed by the latest smartphone models are high enough to cause noise-induced hearing loss if their users habitually listen to music at those levels.
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