Gut Microbiota-Derived Unconventional T Cell Ligands: Contribution to Host Immune Modulation.
Gut Microbiota-Derived Unconventional T Cell Ligands: Contribution to Host Immune Modulation.
复制标题
肠道微生物衍生的非常规T细胞配体：对宿主免疫调节的贡献。
DOI：
10.4049/immunohorizons.2200006
复制
发表时间：
2022-07-22
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Choi E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Oh SF;Jung DJ;Choi E
除了典型的先天性和适应性途径外，先天样淋巴细胞的免疫应答由于其独特的作用而受到了极大的关注。在先天性淋巴细胞中，非常规T细胞如NKT细胞和粘膜相关不变T（MAIT）细胞识别特定化学类别的小非肽分子。内源性或微生物配体负载于MHC I类分子CD 1d或MR 1，诱导直接效应T细胞和配体结构是NKT/MAIT细胞功能的关键决定因素之一。非常规T细胞与粘膜层的共生微生物密切、持续接触，CD 1d/MR 1可以容纳肠道微生物群产生的多种代谢产物。有强烈的兴趣，以确定新的免疫活性分子的内源性（共生体产生的）来源作为新的NKT/MAIT细胞配体，以及新的同源抗原为以前未表征的非常规T细胞亚群。进一步的研究将为探索基础生物学和治疗潜力提供可能性。
Besides the prototypic innate and adaptive pathways, immune responses by innate-like lymphocytes have gained significant attention due to their unique roles. Among innate-like lymphocytes, unconventional T cells such as NKT cells and mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells recognize small nonpeptide molecules of specific chemical classes. Endogenous or microbial ligands are loaded to MHC class I–like molecule CD1d or MR1, and inducing immediate effector T cell and ligand structure is one of the key determinants of NKT/MAIT cell functions. Unconventional T cells are in close, constant contact with symbiotic microbes at the mucosal layer, and CD1d/MR1 can accommodate diverse metabolites produced by gut microbiota. There is a strong interest to identify novel immunoactive molecules of endobiotic (symbiont-produced) origin as new NKT/MAIT cell ligands, as well as new cognate Ags for previously uncharacterized unconventional T cell subsets. Further studies will open an possibility to explore basic biology as well as therapeutic potential.