Discovery of human zinc deficiency: 50 years later
Discovery of human zinc deficiency: 50 years later
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jtemb.2012.04.004
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Prasad, Ananda S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Prasad, Ananda S.
1963年，人们认识到锌对人类的重要性及其缺乏。在过去的50年里，很明显，人类普遍缺乏锌。锌营养缺乏可能影响发展中国家近20亿受试者。摄入高植酸含量的谷物蛋白会降低锌的吸收。锌的条件性缺乏也很常见。缺锌的临床表现包括生长迟缓、男性性腺功能减退、皮肤粗糙、免疫功能减退、神经感觉障碍和认知障碍。锌参与许多生物化学功能。超过300种酶的激活需要锌，近2000种转录因子的基因表达需要锌。锌对细胞介导的免疫是必不可少的。锌也是一种有效的抗氧化剂和抗炎剂。在治疗剂量下，锌已被用于治疗婴儿和儿童的急性腹泻、普通感冒、威尔逊病、镰状细胞病以及用于预防患有年龄相关性黄斑变性的患者的失明。(C)2012 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
Essentiality of zinc for humans and its deficiency was recognized in 1963. During the past 50 years, it has become apparent that deficiency of zinc in humans is prevalent. Nutritional deficiency of zinc may affect nearly 2 billion subjects in the developing world. Consumption of cereal proteins high in phytate decreases the availability of zinc for absorption. Conditioned deficiency of zinc is also very common. Growth retardation, hypogonadism in males, rough skin, impaired immunity, neuro-sensory disorder and cognitive impairment are some of the clinical manifestations of zinc deficiency. Zinc is involved in many biochemical functions. Over 300 enzymes require zinc for their activation and nearly 2000 transcription factors require zinc for gene expression. Zinc is essential for cell mediated immunity. Zinc is also an effective antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. In therapeutic dosages, zinc has been used for the treatment of acute diarrhea in infants and children, common cold, Wilson's disease, sickle cell disease and for prevention of blindness in patients with age related macular degeneration. (C) 2012 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.