Machine Learning of Raman Spectroscopy Data for Classifying Cancers: A Review of the Recent Literature.

Machine Learning of Raman Spectroscopy Data for Classifying Cancers: A Review of the Recent Literature.
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拉曼光谱数据的机器学习用于癌症分类:近期文献综述。

DOI:
10.3390/diagnostics12061491
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发表时间:
2022-06-17
期刊:
Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
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拉曼光谱学长期以来一直被期望用于增强临床决策,例如对肿瘤样品进行分类。不幸的是,迄今为止,拉曼数据的复杂性抑制了它们在临床环境中的常规使用。传统的机器学习模型已被用来帮助利用这些信息,但深度学习的最新进展有可能改善这一领域。然而,传统和深度学习模型都存在一些潜在的陷阱。我们进行了文献综述,以确定最近用于使用拉曼光谱数据对癌症进行分类的机器学习方法。我们发现,虽然深度学习模型很受欢迎,并且表面上优于传统的学习模型,但有许多方法上的考虑可能会导致对性能的高估;主要是小样本量,这会导致采样和验证策略的次优选择。在几项建议中,有一项是呼吁整理大型基准拉曼数据集,类似于那些帮助改变数字病理学的数据集,研究人员可以使用这些数据集来开发和完善深度学习模型。
Raman Spectroscopy has long been anticipated to augment clinical decision making, such as classifying oncological samples. Unfortunately, the complexity of Raman data has thus far inhibited their routine use in clinical settings. Traditional machine learning models have been used to help exploit this information, but recent advances in deep learning have the potential to improve the field. However, there are a number of potential pitfalls with both traditional and deep learning models. We conduct a literature review to ascertain the recent machine learning methods used to classify cancers using Raman spectral data. We find that while deep learning models are popular, and ostensibly outperform traditional learning models, there are many methodological considerations which may be leading to an over-estimation of performance; primarily, small sample sizes which compound sub-optimal choices regarding sampling and validation strategies. Amongst several recommendations is a call to collate large benchmark Raman datasets, similar to those that have helped transform digital pathology, which researchers can use to develop and refine deep learning models.
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