Euclid Definition Study Report
Euclid Definition Study Report
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发表时间：
2011-10
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通讯作者：
R. Laureijs;J. Amiaux;S. Arduini;J. Auguères;J. Brinchmann;R. Cole;M. Cropper;C. Dabin;L. Du
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作者：
R. Laureijs;J. Amiaux;S. Arduini;J. Auguères;J. Brinchmann;R. Cole;M. Cropper;C. Dabin;L. Du
欧几里得是欧洲航天局的一项基于太空的调查任务，旨在了解宇宙加速膨胀的起源。它将使用宇宙探测器来研究暗能量、暗物质和引力的本质，通过追踪它们在宇宙几何形状和宇宙结构形成历史上的观测特征。该任务针对两个独立的主要宇宙探测器进行了优化：弱引力透镜（WL）和重子声学振荡（BAO）。欧几里得有效载荷包括一个1.2米的科尔施望远镜，旨在提供一个大的视野。它携带两种仪器，共同视场为~0.54°2：视觉成像仪（VIS）和近红外仪器（NISP），其中包括一个无缝光谱仪和一个三波段光度计。欧几里得的广泛调查将覆盖15000度的星系外天空，并辅以两个20度的深场。对于WL，欧几里得测量了一个宽可见R+I+Z波段（550-920 nm）每arcmin 30-40个已分辨星系的形状。这些星系的光度红移精度达到dz/(1+z) < 0.05。它们来自另外三个欧几里得近红外波段（Y， J， H在0.92-2.0微米范围内），并辅以来自公共数据或通过参与合作获得的可见光波段的地面光度测定。BAO是通过光谱调查确定的，红移精度为dz/(1+z) =0.001。无缝光谱仪的光谱分辨率为250，主要用于探测Ha发射线星系。欧几里得是欧空局“宇宙愿景2015-2025”计划的中型任务，预计发射日期为2019年。这份报告（也被称为欧几里得红皮书）描述了第一阶段研究的结果。
Euclid is a space-based survey mission from the European Space Agency designed to understand the origin of the Universe's accelerating expansion. It will use cosmological probes to investigate the nature of dark energy, dark matter and gravity by tracking their observational signatures on the geometry of the universe and on the cosmic history of structure formation. The mission is optimised for two independent primary cosmological probes: Weak gravitational Lensing (WL) and Baryonic Acoustic Oscillations (BAO). The Euclid payload consists of a 1.2 m Korsch telescope designed to provide a large field of view. It carries two instruments with a common field-of-view of ~0.54 deg2: the visual imager (VIS) and the near infrared instrument (NISP) which contains a slitless spectrometer and a three bands photometer. The Euclid wide survey will cover 15,000 deg2 of the extragalactic sky and is complemented by two 20 deg2 deep fields. For WL, Euclid measures the shapes of 30-40 resolved galaxies per arcmin2 in one broad visible R+I+Z band (550-920 nm). The photometric redshifts for these galaxies reach a precision of dz/(1+z) < 0.05. They are derived from three additional Euclid NIR bands (Y, J, H in the range 0.92-2.0 micron), complemented by ground based photometry in visible bands derived from public data or through engaged collaborations. The BAO are determined from a spectroscopic survey with a redshift accuracy dz/(1+z) =0.001. The slitless spectrometer, with spectral resolution ~250, predominantly detects Ha emission line galaxies. Euclid is a Medium Class mission of the ESA Cosmic Vision 2015-2025 programme, with a foreseen launch date in 2019. This report (also known as the Euclid Red Book) describes the outcome of the Phase A study.