Gender differences in educational outcomes and the effect of family background: A comparative perspective from East Asia
Gender differences in educational outcomes and the effect of family background: A comparative perspective from East Asia
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DOI：
10.1177/2057150x20912581
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发表时间：
2020-04-01
影响因子：
0.9
通讯作者：
Li, Wangyang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Akabayashi, Hideo;Nozaki, Kayo;Li, Wangyang
世界各地在考试成绩上的性别差距程度差异很大，这表明制度、文化和不平等的强烈影响。我们提供了中国、日本和美国在教育成就方面的性别差距的比较证据，重点是父母收入和教育的性别特定影响，以及孩子自己对学习科目的偏好。我们使用了三个主要的具有全国代表性的纵向调查，这些调查提供了关于被调查儿童的认知结果测量以及教育投资和父母社会经济地位的丰富信息，使我们能够分析它们之间的相互关系。我们发现，在美国，低收入家庭对男孩的语言测试成绩的不利影响往往大于女孩，这与之前的研究一致。然而，它对中国考试成绩的性别差距没有影响，而在日本，它对女孩的影响往往比对男孩的影响更大。
There is wide variation in the degree of gender gap in test scores around the world, suggesting the strong influence of institutions, culture and inequality. We present comparative evidence on the gender gap in educational achievement in China, Japan, and the USA, with an emphasis on the gender-specific effect of parental income and education, and the child's own preferences for study subjects. We used three major national representative longitudinal surveys with rich information about cognitive outcome measures of respondent children as well as educational investment and parental socio-economic status that allow us to analyze their inter-relationship. We found that low household income tends to have more adverse effects on language test scores for boys than for girls in the USA, as is consistent with previous studies. However, it does not have an impact on gender gap in test scores in China and tends to affect girls more adversely than boys in Japan.