Tectonic Influence on the Geomorphology of Submarine Canyons: Implications for Deep-Water Sedimentary Systems
Tectonic Influence on the Geomorphology of Submarine Canyons: Implications for Deep-Water Sedimentary Systems
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DOI：
10.3389/feart.2022.836823
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发表时间：
2022-06
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Laura H. Bührig;L. Colombera;Marco Patacci;N. Mountney;W. McCaffrey
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作者：
Laura H. Bührig;L. Colombera;Marco Patacci;N. Mountney;W. McCaffrey
为了阐明构造环境对海底峡谷地貌的作用，对294个全球分布的海底峡谷进行了数据库信息的荟萃研究。为实现这一目标，对来自136份同行评议出版物的海底和次表层研究数据以及来自世界各地开放来源的水深数据集进行了统计分析。特别是，评估了边缘类型(主动与被动)或板块边界类型(收敛与变换与复杂)之间的关系，以确定海底峡谷的关键形态参数，包括流向长度、最大和平均宽度和深度、峡谷弯曲度、平均峡谷底部坡度和最大峡谷侧壁陡度。此外，还评估了峡谷形态测量参数与相关陆地集水区、大陆架和坡度特征之间的可能比例关系，以及沿着主动和被动边缘的峡谷更广泛的地形背景。主要发现如下：1)不同构造环境下的峡谷地貌总体上没有明显差异；2)与主动峡谷相比，被动边缘峡谷的坡度破坏可能更重要，这可能是由于后者的地震加强；3)峡谷地貌尺度的某些方面具有源汇系统和环境背景的属性，但在主动边缘和被动边缘之间，尺度的强度和标志可能不同，这表明峡谷地貌可以预测的程度取决于构造背景。从我们的分析中得到的见解增强和改进了单个峡谷和从源到汇系统尺度上的斜坡系统的概念、实验和数值模型，并增加了我们对构造环境在形成深水系统中所起的复杂作用的理解。
A database-informed metastudy of 294 globally distributed submarine canyons has been conducted with the aim of elucidating the role of tectonic setting on submarine-canyon geomorphology. To achieve this, data from seafloor and subsurface studies derived from 136 peer-reviewed publications and from open-source worldwide bathymetry datasets have been statistically analyzed. In particular, relationships between margin type (active vs. passive) or plate-boundary type (convergent vs. transform vs. complex) have been assessed for key morphometric parameters of submarine canyons, including: streamwise length, maximum and average width and depth, canyon sinuosity, average canyon thalweg gradient, and maximum canyon sidewall steepness. In addition, possible scaling relationships between canyon morphometric parameters and characteristics of the associated terrestrial catchment, continental shelf and slope, and of the broader physiographic setting for canyons along both active and passive margins have been evaluated. The following principal findings arise: 1) overall canyon geomorphology is not markedly different across tectonic settings; 2) slope failure might be more important in passive-margin canyons compared to active ones, possibly due to seismic strengthening in the latter; 3) some aspects of canyon geomorphology scale with attributes of the source-to-sink system and environmental setting, but the strength and sign in scaling might differ between active and passive margins, suggesting that the extent to which canyon geomorphology can be predicted depends on the tectonic setting. Insights from our analysis augment and improve conceptual, experimental and numerical models of slope systems at the scale of individual canyons and source-to-sink systems, and increase our understanding of the complex role played by tectonic setting in shaping deep-water systems.