Advances in human monoclonal antibody therapy for HBV infection
Advances in human monoclonal antibody therapy for HBV infection
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DOI：
10.1016/j.coviro.2022.101205
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发表时间：
2022-02-02
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Mouquet, Hugo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Beretta, Maxime;Mouquet, Hugo
乙肝病毒中和抗体针对病毒包膜抗原(HBs Ag)，为血清转换的接种者和感染者提供长期免疫保护。它们识别各种乙肝表面抗原表位，并可携带Fc依赖的效应器功能，对消除感染细胞和刺激获得性免疫至关重要。从80年代初的S开始，人们产生了数以百计的乙肝表面抗原特异性单抗，但直到最近，才从接种者和血清转换者身上产生了真正的人源性抗HBVmAbs。中和HBVmAbs在动物模型中具有体内预防和治疗作用，并能降低感染人类的抗原血症和病毒血症。因此，多功能、有效和广泛的人乙肝病毒中和单抗为开发有效的预防和治疗乙肝病毒感染的干预措施提供了新的机会。在这里，我们总结了关于体液免疫应答的最新研究结果，并探索了人乙肝病毒中和单抗作为免疫疗法帮助实现对乙肝病毒的功能性治愈的潜力。
HBV neutralizing antibodies target the viral envelope antigens (HBsAg) and confer long-term immune protection in vaccinees and infected humans who seroconvert. They recognize various HBsAg epitopes, and can be armed with Fc-dependent effector functions essential for eliminating infected cells and stimulating adaptive immunity. Hundreds of HBsAg-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were produced from the early 80's, but it is only recently that bona fide human anti-HBV mAbs were generated from vaccinees and seroconverters. Neutralizing HBV mAbs have in vivo prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy in animal models, and the capacity to decrease antigenemia and viremia in infected humans. Thus, polyfunctional, potent and broad human HBV neutralizing mAbs offer novel opportunities to develop effective interventions to prevent and treat HBV infection. Here, we summarize recent findings on the humoral immune response to HBV, and explore the potential of human HBV neutralizing mAbs as immunotherapeutics to help achieving a functional cure for HBV.