Shared Sulfur Mobilization Routes for tRNA Thiolation and Molybdenum Cofactor Biosynthesis in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes.
Shared Sulfur Mobilization Routes for tRNA Thiolation and Molybdenum Cofactor Biosynthesis in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes.
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DOI：
10.3390/biom7010005
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发表时间：
2017-01-14
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Beilschmidt L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Leimkühler S;Bühning M;Beilschmidt L
转运RNA（transfer RNA，tRNA）的修饰在RNA分子的生物合成、代谢、结构稳定性和功能等方面起着重要作用，在原核生物和真核生物中都存在tRNA中含硫碱基的特异性修饰。在这里，特别是tRNA中位于Lys、Gln和Glu摆动位置34处的硫代修饰xm5s2U，被认为在翻译过程中发挥着重要作用，可以确保遗传密码的准确破译和tRNA结构的稳定。硫核苷的运输和递送是一个复杂的过程，由涉及许多蛋白质的硫中继系统进行，其不仅将硫递送到特定的tRNA，而且还将硫递送到其他含硫分子，包括铁硫簇、硫胺素、生物素、硫辛酸和异蝶呤（MPT）。在这些含硫分子的生物合成中，钼辅因子（Moco）的生物合成和硫代修饰的tRNA的合成特别显示出通过在原核生物和真核生物中共享用于硫动员的蛋白质组分的令人惊讶的联系。
Modifications of transfer RNA (tRNA) have been shown to play critical roles in the biogenesis, metabolism, structural stability and function of RNA molecules, and the specific modifications of nucleobases with sulfur atoms in tRNA are present in pro- and eukaryotes. Here, especially the thiomodifications xm5s2U at the wobble position 34 in tRNAs for Lys, Gln and Glu, were suggested to have an important role during the translation process by ensuring accurate deciphering of the genetic code and by stabilization of the tRNA structure. The trafficking and delivery of sulfur nucleosides is a complex process carried out by sulfur relay systems involving numerous proteins, which not only deliver sulfur to the specific tRNAs but also to other sulfur-containing molecules including iron–sulfur clusters, thiamin, biotin, lipoic acid and molybdopterin (MPT). Among the biosynthesis of these sulfur-containing molecules, the biosynthesis of the molybdenum cofactor (Moco) and the synthesis of thio-modified tRNAs in particular show a surprising link by sharing protein components for sulfur mobilization in pro- and eukaryotes.