The influence of body size on the intermittent locomotion of a pelagic schooling fish
The influence of body size on the intermittent locomotion of a pelagic schooling fish
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2015.3019
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发表时间：
2016-06
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
T. Noda;K. Fujioka;H. Fukuda;H. Mitamura;K. Ichikawa;N. Arai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Noda;K. Fujioka;H. Fukuda;H. Mitamura;K. Ichikawa;N. Arai
在分组和优化个体运动的能量效率之间存在着潜在的权衡。虽然间歇运动，如滑翔和向上游泳（GAU），可以降低个体水平的运动成本，但个体间歇运动的优化与群体行为同步之间的联系，特别是不同体型成员之间的行为同步，是未知的。在这里，我们使用加速度计连续监测了一种负浮力鱼类太平洋蓝鳍金枪鱼（N = 10; 21.0 ~ 24.5 cm）在公海网箱中的游动行为24小时。在记录期间，所有的鱼都重复GAU。尽管GAU的同步性保持在较高水平（GAU时间的互相关系数总体平均值= 0.62），但大鱼每次滑行的持续时间更长，而且比小鱼更频繁。大小相近的配对的GAU同步性显著高于大小不同的配对。我们的加速度测量结果和基于流体动力学理论的模拟表明，当面临群体凝聚力的维持时，间歇性运动在节能方面的优势可能不会完全优化，这表明尺寸分类浅水将是有利的。
There is a potential trade-off between grouping and the optimizing of the energetic efficiency of individual locomotion. Although intermittent locomotion, e.g. glide and upward swimming (GAU), can reduce the cost of locomotion at the individual level, the link between the optimization of individual intermittent locomotion and the behavioural synchronization in a group, especially among members with different sizes, is unknown. Here, we continuously monitored the schooling behaviour of a negatively buoyant fish, Pacific bluefin tuna (N = 10; 21.0 ∼ 24.5 cm), for 24 h in an open-sea net cage using accelerometry. All the fish repeated GAU during the recording periods. Although the GAU synchrony was maintained at high levels (overall mean = 0.62 for the cross-correlation coefficient of the GAU timings), larger fish glided for a longer duration per glide and more frequently than smaller fish. Similar-sized pairs showed significantly higher GAU synchrony than differently sized pairs. Our accelerometry results and the simulation based on hydrodynamic theory indicated that the advantage of intermittent locomotion in energy savings may not be fully optimized for smaller animals in a group when faced with the maintenance of group cohesion, suggesting that size assortative shoaling would be advantageous.