Development of sampling efficiency and internal noise in motion detection and discrimination in school-aged children
Development of sampling efficiency and internal noise in motion detection and discrimination in school-aged children
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DOI：
10.1016/j.visres.2014.04.001
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发表时间：
2014-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Dutton, Gordon N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Falkenberg, Helle K.;Simpson, William A.;Dutton, Gordon N.
本研究的目的是使用一个等效的噪声范式来考察运动知觉的发展和成熟，以及采样效率和内部噪声的潜在限制如何影响学龄儿童(5-14岁)和成年人的运动检测和方向辨别。测量了漂移频率为1.0或6.0 Hz的2c/deg正弦光栅的对比度能量阈值随外加动态噪声的变化情况：检测漂移光栅、检测两个反向漂移的光栅之和和辨别反向漂移的光栅的方向。与理想的观察者相比，无论是儿童还是成人，所有任务的表现都受到采样效率降低和内部噪声的限制。然而，运动方向的辨别阈值和运动栅格的检测阈值呈现出截然不同的发展轨迹。运动方向辨别力在14岁以后继续提高，这是由于采样效率的提高，这种提高随速度的不同而不同。运动检测和总和在5岁时就已经成熟，所有任务的内部噪音都是一样的。这些发现在对最初研究中的一组儿童进行的一年跟踪研究中得到了证实。这一结果支持运动模式的检测和运动方向的区分由不同的系统处理，可能以不同的速度发展。(C)2014爱思唯尔B.V.保留所有权利。
The aim of this study was to use an equivalent noise paradigm to investigate the development and maturation of motion perception, and how the underlying limitations of sampling efficiency and internal noise effect motion detection and direction discrimination in school-aged children (5-14 years) and adults. Contrast energy thresholds of a 2 c/deg sinusoidal grating drifting at 1.0 or 6.0 Hz were measured as a function of added dynamic noise in three tasks: detection of a drifting grating; detection of the sum of two oppositely drifting gratings and direction discrimination of oppositely drifting gratings. Compared to the ideal observer, in both children and adults, the performance for all tasks was limited by reduced sampling efficiency and internal noise. However, the thresholds for discrimination of motion direction and detection of moving gratings show very different developmental profiles. Motion direction discrimination continues to improve after the age of 14 years due to an increase in sampling efficiency that differs with speed. Motion detection and summation were already mature at the age of 5 years, and internal noise was the same for all tasks. These findings were confirmed in a 1-year follow-up study on a group of children from the initial study. The results support suggestions that the detection of a moving pattern and discriminating motion direction are processed by different systems that may develop at different rates. (c) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.