Neural Mechanisms of Parental Communicative Adjustments in Spoken Language
Neural Mechanisms of Parental Communicative Adjustments in Spoken Language
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.12.002
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发表时间：
2021-02-15
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Tomoda, Akemi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kasaba, Ryoko;Shimada, Koji;Tomoda, Akemi
在文化传播过程中，照顾者通常会根据婴儿/儿童的假定特征调整他们的言语形式，这种现象被称为婴儿/儿童定向言语(IDS/CDS)或“父母语气”。尽管前额叶腹内侧皮质(VmPFC)的损伤与非言语交际行为的调节失败有关，但人们对言语交际调节的神经机制，如入侵检测系统(IDS)和认知功能障碍(CDS)知之甚少。在目前的研究中，30名有学龄前儿童的健康母亲在执行图片命名任务时进行了功能磁共振成像(FMRI)，要求她们为儿童或成人命名一个物体。在图片命名任务中，母亲在朝向儿童条件下的命名时间长于朝向成人控制条件下的命名时间。与给成人命名相比，为儿童命名一个物体会导致更多地参与全球照料网络中的vmPFC和其他区域(例如小脑)。特别是，vmPFC表现出与任务相关的失活和与辅助运动、中央前、中央后和边缘上区域的功能连接减少。这些发现表明，包括在默认模式网络中的vmPFC参与了知识代际传播的交际行为的优化。VmPFC的这一功能可以被认为是一种亲社会驱动力，导致亲社会交际行为的产生依赖于语境。这项研究有助于更好地理解儿童交际调节的神经机制，并深入了解相关的应用研究领域，如育儿、教育学和教育学。(C)2020年提交人(S)。爱思唯尔有限公司代表伊布罗出版。
During cultural transmission, caregivers typically adjust their form of speech according to the presumed characteristics of an infant/child, a phenomenon known as infant/child directed speech (IDS/CDS) or "parentese." Although ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) damage was previously found to be associated with failure in adjusting non-verbal communicative behaviors, little is known about the neural mechanisms of verbal communicative adjustments, such as IDS/CDS. In the current study, 30 healthy mothers with preschool-age children underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while performing a picture naming task which required them to name an object for either a child or an adult. In the picture naming task, mothers exhibited a longer naming duration in the toward-child condition than the toward-adult control condition. Naming an object for a child, compared with naming it for an adult, resulted in greater involvement in the vmPFC and other regions (e.g., cerebellum) in the global caregiving network. In particular, the vmPFC exhibited task-related deactivation and decreased functional connectivity with the supplementary motor, precentral, postcentral, and supramarginal regions. These findings suggest that the vmPFC, which is included in the default mode network, is involved in optimizing communicative behaviors for the inter-generational transmission of knowledge. This function of the vmPFC may be considered as a prosocial drive to lead to prosocial communicative behaviors depending on the context. This study provides a better understanding of the neural mechanisms involved in communicative adjustments for children and insight into related applied research fields such as parenting, pedagogy, and education. (C) 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of IBRO.