Caregiving and developmental factors differentiating young at-risk urban children showing resilient versus stress-affected outcomes: a replication and extension.
Caregiving and developmental factors differentiating young at-risk urban children showing resilient versus stress-affected outcomes: a replication and extension.
复制标题
照顾和发展因素区分年轻的高危城市儿童，表现出弹性与压力影响的结果：复制和延伸。
作者：
P. Wyman;E. Cowen;W. Work;Lynne Hoyt;Keith B. Magnus;Douglas B. Fagen
本研究检验了一个组织发展模型的假设，为儿童弹性。在这个模型中，复原力反映了儿童在面对重大逆境时，通过利用内部和外部资源，加强每个发展阶段特有的适应过程，对年龄突出目标的掌握。对122名7至9岁暴露于多种风险因素的城市儿童的父母进行了访谈，其中69名被归类为弹性，53名被归类为适应不良。与模型产生的预测一致：（1）儿童的发育系统和早期发展的特征区分了具有弹性和压力影响的适应的儿童;（2）反映情感反应的变量，胜任的父母是弹性状态的直接，近端预测因子和其他照顾者资源的中介，如教育，心理健康和关系史。确定的弹性状态的预测因素，包括称职的父母和照顾者的心理社会资源，在很大程度上复制了以前的研究结果与社会人口可比的9至12岁的儿童。
This study tested hypotheses from an organizational-developmental model for childhood resilience. In this model resilience reflects a child's mastery of age-salient objectives, in the face of substantial adversity, by drawing on internal and external resources that enhance processes of adaptation specific to each developmental stage. Interviews were conducted with parents of 122 7- to 9-year-old urban children exposed to multiple risk factors, 69 classified as resilient and 53 as maladjusted. Consistent with predictions generated by the model: (1) characteristics of a child's caregiving system and early development differentiated children with resilient and stress-affected adaptations; and (2) variables reflecting emotionally responsive, competent parenting were direct, proximal predictors of resilient status and mediators of other caregiver resources such as education, mental health, and relational history. Identified predictors of resilient status, including competent parenting and caregiver psychosocial resources, largely replicated findings from a prior study with sociodemographically comparable 9- to 12-year-old children.