Sediment deposition patterns in Phragmites australis communities: Implications for coastal areas threatened by rising sea-level
Sediment deposition patterns in Phragmites australis communities: Implications for coastal areas threatened by rising sea-level
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DOI：
10.1023/a:1008444502859
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发表时间：
2000-06-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Stevenson, J. C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rooth, J. E.;Stevenson, J. C.
在过去的50年里，普通芦苇在美国大西洋中部湿地的爆炸性增长引起了生物学家、资源管理者和普通公众的关注。Spartina spp.的更替入侵的南美白杨对群落的影响已被广泛报道，但这种替代对生态系统的影响知之甚少，特别是在泥沙堆积过程和海拔变化方面。据推测，对个别植物物种及其在沼泽沉积中的作用进行更详细的了解，可能会提高预测沿海湿地预计海平面上升的影响的能力。对美国马里兰州切萨皮克湾东岸的两个滨海盐沼地点进行了研究，以量化与南美白对虾有关的沉积环境。用滤纸板测量了短期泥沙淤积(24小时)和暴雨淤积(17天)，以及垂直淤积和高程变化(6个月)。采用标志层和沉积侵蚀表(SET)相结合的方法进行测量。在两个下沉的河岸沼泽中，更高的矿物和有机沉积物捕获率与南美白对虾的群落有关(南美白对虾为34gcntdotm-2cntdotday-1，而大米草为18gcntdotm-2cntdotday-1)。侧向侵蚀沼泽(南方赤杨24gcntdotm-2cntdotday-1，大米草15gcntdotm-2cntdotday-1)。在澳大利亚松林中的凋落物积累是所观察到的较高沉积格局的原因。此外，澳洲对虾群落的地下积累(在6个月内达到3毫米)似乎在相对较短的时间内显著增加了底物的高度。因此，南美白对虾可能会为资源管理者提供一种应对海平面上升的战略，而目前的控制措施没有考虑到这一点。
The explosive expansion of the common reed Phragmites australis over the last 50 years in the wetlands of the U.S. mid-Atlantic has been of concern to biologists, resource managers and the general public. The replacement of Spartina spp. communities by the invasive P. australis has been widely reported, but the ecosystem effect of this replacement is poorly understood, especially with regard to sediment accretion processes and elevation change. It is hypothesized that a more detailed understanding of individual plant species and their role in marsh accretion may provide an improved ability to predict the effect of projected sea-level rise in coastal wetlands. Two coastal salt marsh sites on the Eastern Shore of Chesapeake Bay in Maryland (USA) were studied to quantify depositional environments associated with P. australis. Short-term sediment deposition (24 hr) and storm deposition (17 d) were measured using filter paper plates, and vertical accretion and elevation change (6 mo.) were measured using a marker horizon coupled with a sedimentation erosion table (SET). Greater rates of mineral and organic sediment trapping were associated with the P. australis community in both a subsiding creek bank marsh (34 gcntdotm-2cntdotday-1 in P. australis vs. 18 gcntdotm-2cntdotday-1 in Spartina spp.) and a laterally eroding marsh (24 gcntdotm-2cntdotday-1 in P. australis vs. 15 gcntdotm-2cntdotday-1 in Spartina spp.). Litter accumulation in P. australis stands is responsible for the higher depositional pattern observed. Additionally, below ground accumulation in P. australis communities (as much as 3 mm in 6 months) appears to substantially increase substrate elevation over relatively short time periods. Thus P. australis may provide resource managers with a strategy of combating sea-level rise and current control measures fail to take this into consideration.