The slump origin of the 1998 Papua New Guinea Tsunami
The slump origin of the 1998 Papua New Guinea Tsunami
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DOI：
10.1098/rspa.2001.0915
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发表时间：
2002-04-08
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Tappin, DR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Synolakis, CE;Bardet, JP;Tappin, DR
1998 年 7 月 17 日造成 2100 多人死亡的巴布亚新几内亚海啸的起源仍然存在争议，因为基于母地震的位错源无法模拟其极端的上升幅度。潜艇质量故障引发海啸被认为是一种罕见现象，在减轻海啸灾害方面几乎没有引起人们的注意。我们报告了最近获得的高分辨率地震反射数据，这些数据产生了大型水下塌陷的新图像，与怀疑引发海啸的同一特征的摄影和测深证据相一致。威克岛所有畅通的水听器的 T 相记录为滑落度的调整提供了新的证据。通过将地质数据与水动力模型相结合，我们以与目击者描述一致的方式重现了观测到的海啸幅度和时间。海底质量破坏是根据基本地质和岩土信息来预测的。
The origin of the Papua New Guinea tsunami that killed over 2100 people on 17 July 1998 has remained controversial, as dislocation sources based on the parent earthquake fail to model its extreme run-up amplitude. The generation of tsunamis by submarine mass failure had been considered a rare phenomenon which had aroused virtually no attention in terms of tsunami hazard mitigation. We report on recently acquired high-resolution seismic reflection data which yield new images of a large underwater slump, coincident with photographic and bathymetric evidence of the same feature, suspected of having generated the tsunami. T-phase records from ail unblocked hydrophone at Wake Island provide new evidence for the, tuning of the slump. By merging geological data with hydrodynamic modelling, we reproduce the observed tsunami amplitude and timing in a manner consistent with eyewitness accounts. Submarine mass failure is predicted based on fundamental geological and geotechnical information.