"Curcumin, the King of Spices": Epigenetic Regulatory Mechanisms in the Prevention of Cancer, Neurological, and Inflammatory Diseases.
"Curcumin, the King of Spices": Epigenetic Regulatory Mechanisms in the Prevention of Cancer, Neurological, and Inflammatory Diseases.
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DOI：
10.1007/s40495-015-0018-x
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发表时间：
2015-04
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kong AT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Boyanapalli SS;Kong AT
姜黄素（二阿魏酰甲烷）是一种多酚化合物，是姜黄（俗称姜黄）的成分。它是一种众所周知的抗炎、抗氧化和抗血脂剂，最近被证明可以通过表观遗传调控来调节多种疾病。最近的许多研究已经证明了调节人类病理的关键基因的表观遗传失活的作用，例如神经认知障碍、炎症、肥胖和癌症。表观遗传变化涉及 DNA 甲基化、组蛋白修饰或 microRNA 表达模式改变，这些变化已知是相互关联的，并且在肿瘤进展和传统化疗失败中发挥着关键作用。大多数表观遗传变化受到生活方式和饮食的影响。在这方面，膳食植物化学物质作为膳食补充剂已成为一种有前途的来源，它能够逆转这些表观遗传改变，积极调节已知促进肿瘤发生的基因表达和分子靶标，并通过表观遗传修饰预防与年龄相关的疾病。有几项研究报告了姜黄素作为表观遗传调节剂在神经系统疾病、炎症和除癌症之外的糖尿病中的作用。姜黄素的表观遗传调节作用包括（1）抑制DNA甲基转移酶（DNMT），最近对其作为DNA低甲基化剂功能的研究已经明确了这一点； (2)通过组蛋白乙酰转移酶(HAT)和组蛋白脱乙酰酶(HDAC)的调节来调节组蛋白修饰； (3)微小RNA(miRNA)的调节。这篇综述总结了姜黄素通过调节组蛋白脱乙酰酶、组蛋白乙酰转移酶和 DNA 甲基转移酶来治疗和/或预防炎症、神经退行性疾病和癌症的作用的最新知识。
Curcumin (diferuloylmethane), a polyphenolic compound, is a component of Curcuma longa, commonly known as turmeric. It is a well-known anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and anti-lipidemic agent and has recently been shown to modulate several diseases via epigenetic regulation. Many recent studies have demonstrated the role of epigenetic inactivation of pivotal genes that regulate human pathologies, such as neurocognitive disorders, inflammation, obesity, and cancers. Epigenetic changes involve changes in DNA methylation, histone modifications, or altered microRNA expression patterns which are known to be interconnected and play a key role in tumor progression and failure of conventional chemotherapy. The majority of epigenetic changes are influenced by lifestyle and diets. In this regard, dietary phytochemicals as dietary supplements have emerged as a promising source that are able to reverse these epigenetic alterations, to actively regulate gene expression and molecular targets that are known to promote tumorigenesis, and also to prevent age-related diseases through epigenetic modifications. There have been several studies which reported the role of curcumin as an epigenetic regulator in neurological disorders, inflammation, and in diabetes apart from cancers. The epigenetic regulatory roles of curcumin include (1) inhibition of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), which has been well defined from the recent studies on its function as a DNA hypomethylating agent; (2) regulation of histone modifications via regulation of histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs); and (3) regulation of micro RNAs (miRNA). This review summarizes the current knowledge on the effect of curcumin in the treatment and/or prevention of inflammation, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancers by regulating histone deacetylases, histone acetyltransferases, and DNA methyltransferases.