A revisit of fossil-fuel subsidies in China: Challenges and opportunities for energy price reform
A revisit of fossil-fuel subsidies in China: Challenges and opportunities for energy price reform
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DOI：
10.1016/j.enconman.2014.03.030
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发表时间：
2014-06
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Boqiang Lin;Xiaoling Ouyang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Boqiang Lin;Xiaoling Ouyang
化石燃料补贴助长了中国能源需求的大幅增长和相关的二氧化碳排放。然而，在我国能源短缺和环境恶化问题日益突出的情况下，能源价格改革进程却十分缓慢。本文通过对我国化石燃料补贴规模的估算，分析了我国化石燃料补贴的现状及其对未来改革的启示。我们开始通过测量化石燃料补贴和补贴取消的影响，在2006-2010年期间使用的价格差距的方法系统。结果表明，2009年的石油价格改革显著减少了中国的化石燃料补贴，并改变了补贴结构。2010年中国化石燃料补贴规模为8819.4亿元CNY，低于2006年，相当于GDP的2.59%。取消化石燃料补贴的宏观经济影响，然后通过可计算一般均衡（CGE）模型进行评估。结果表明，经济增长和就业将受到负面影响，以及能源需求，二氧化碳和二氧化硫排放。最后，本文提出了政策建议：第一，政府定价的风险不容忽视;第二，可接受的宏观经济影响是中国能源价格改革的标准;第三，未来的能源政策应侧重于设计透明、有针对性和有效的能源补贴。
Fossil-fuel subsidies contribute to the extensive growth of energy demand and the related carbon dioxide emissions in China. However, the process of energy price reform is slow, even though China faces increasing problems of energy scarcity and environmental deterioration. This paper focuses on analyzing fossil fuel subsidies in China by estimating subsidies scale and the implications for future reform. We begin by measuring fossil-fuel subsidies and the effects of subsidy removal in a systematic fashion during 2006–2010 using a price-gap approach. Results indicate that the oil price reform in 2009 significantly reduced China’s fossil-fuel subsidies and modified the subsidy structure. Fossil-fuel subsidies scale in China was 881.94 billion CNY in 2010, which was lower than the amount in 2006, equivalent to 2.59% of the GDP. The macro-economic impacts of removing fossil-fuel subsidies are then evaluated by the computable general equilibrium (CGE) model. Results demonstrate that the economic growth and employment will be negatively affected as well as energy demand, carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide emissions. Finally, policy implications are suggested: first, risks of government pricing of energy are far from negligible; second, an acceptable macroeconomic impact is a criterion for energy price reform in China; third, the future energy policy should focus on designing transparent, targeted and efficient energy subsidies.