Psychosocial Factors and Sleep Efficiency: Discrepancies Between Subjective and Objective Evaluations of Sleep
Psychosocial Factors and Sleep Efficiency: Discrepancies Between Subjective and Objective Evaluations of Sleep
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DOI：
10.1097/psy.0b013e3182359e77
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发表时间：
2011-11-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Steptoe, Andrew
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jackowska, Marta;Dockray, Samantha;Steptoe, Andrew
自我报告的睡眠效率可能无法准确反映客观的睡眠模式。我们评估了心理社会因素和情感反应是否与睡眠效率的主观报告和客观测量之间的差异有关。方法：研究对象为199名20 ~ 61岁的职业女性。标准化问卷被用来评估心理社会特征和影响，包括工作压力，社会支持，幸福和抑郁症状。使用Actiheart监测仪对一周和一个休闲夜晚的睡眠进行客观评估。自我报告的睡眠效率来自詹金斯睡眠问题量表。通过对比睡眠问题的标准化测量与客观测量的睡眠效率，计算了自我报告的睡眠效率与客观测量的睡眠效率之间的差异。结果：参与者在自我报告和客观睡眠测量之间的差异显着。在调整个人收入、年龄、有无子女、婚姻状况、体重指数和负面情绪后，过度承诺（p = .002）、社会支持水平低（p = .049）和自我健康状况差（p = .02）与睡眠困难的过度报告和睡眠效率的低估有关。自我报告的睡眠效率不佳在那些工作过度（p = .009）和不快乐（p = .02）的人中更普遍，以及那些社会支持水平较低（p = .03）和抑郁症状较多（p = .048）的人中，独立于协变量。客观睡眠效率与心理社会特征或影响无关。结论：自我报告的睡眠效率评估反映客观经验的程度可能会受到心理社会特征和影响。除非考虑到自我报告的睡眠效率的潜在调节因素，否则睡眠与健康相关的心理社会因素之间的关联可能被高估。
Objectives: Self-reported sleep efficiency may not precisely reflect objective sleep patterns. We assessed whether psychosocial factors and affective responses are associated with discrepancies between subjective reports and objective measures of sleep efficiency. Methods: Participants were 199 working women aged 20 to 61 years. Standardized questionnaires were used to assess psychosocial characteristics and affect that included work stress, social support, happiness, and depressive symptoms. Objective measures of sleep were assessed on one week and one leisure night with an Actiheart monitor. Self-reported sleep efficiency was derived from the Jenkins Sleep Problems Scale. Discrepancies between self-reported and objective measures of sleep efficiency were computed by contrasting standardized measures of sleep problems with objectively measured sleep efficiency. Results: Participants varied markedly in the discrepancies between self-reported and objective sleep measures. After adjustment for personal income, age, having children, marital status, body mass index, and negative affect, overcommitment (p = .002), low level of social support (p = .049), and poor self-rated heath (p = .02) were associated with overreporting of sleep difficulties and underestimation of sleep efficiency. Self-reported poor sleep efficiency was more prevalent among those more overcommitted at work (p = .009) and less happy (p = .02), as well as among those with lower level of social support (p = .03) and more depressive symptoms (p = .048), independently of covariates. Objective sleep efficiency was unrelated to psychosocial characteristics or affect. Conclusions: The extent to which self-reported evaluations of sleep efficiency reflect objective experience may be influenced by psychosocial characteristics and affect. Unless potential moderators of self-reported sleep efficiency are taken into account, associations between sleep and psychosocial factors relevant to health may be overestimated.