Lake shoreline in the contiguous United States: Quantity, distribution and sensitivity to observation resolution
Lake shoreline in the contiguous United States: Quantity, distribution and sensitivity to observation resolution
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美国本土的湖岸线：数量、分布和对观测分辨率的敏感性
DOI：
10.1111/fwb.12258
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
E. Stanley
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Winslow;J. Read;P. Hanson;E. Stanley
摘要 1. 在广泛的空间尺度上量化湖泊生物地球化学过程需要我们根据物理指标来衡量过程。过去的工作主要是利用湖泊表面积的估计来缩放静压过程。然而，许多对湖泊很重要的过程，例如物质、能量和生物通量以及生物地球化学循环，都与湖泊周长成比例。 2. 我们估算美国本土的湖泊总周长，并检查该估算对测量分辨率的敏感性。在原始地图分辨率下，美国邻近地区的湖泊总周长超过 180 万平方公里。 3. 美国本土测量周长与测量分辨率的变化的双对数斜率（也称为分形维数）为 0.21，通常小于之前报告的估计值。随着观测分辨率的变化，总测量周长对小湖泊的包含或排除最敏感，而不是海岸线的复杂性。 4. 湖泊中的总水地界面不到溪流和河流的十分之一，而溪流和河流总共占美国本土海岸线超过 2100 万公里。这项研究进一步描述了湖泊周长的分布，并提出了一种有助于理解大陆尺度过程的技术。
SUMMARY 1. Quantifying lake biogeochemical processing at broad spatial scales requires that we scale processes along with physical metrics. Past work has primarily scaled lentic processes using estimates of lake surface area. However, many processes important to lakes, such as material, energy and biological fluxes and biogeochemical cycling, scale with lake perimeter. 2. We estimate the total lake perimeter for the contiguous United States (U.S.) and examine the sensitivity of this estimate to measurement resolution. At the original mapping resolution, lakes in the contiguous U.S. have a total perimeter of over 1.8 million km. 3. The change in measured perimeter versus measurement resolution for the contiguous U.S. had a log-log slope (also known as the fractal dimension) of � 0.21, generally less than previously reported estimates. With changing observation resolution, total measured perimeter was most sensitive to the inclusion or exclusion of small lakes, not shoreline complexity. 4. The total aquatic–terrestrial interface in lakes is less than one-tenth that of streams and rivers, which collectively account for over 21 million km of shoreline in the contiguous U.S. This study further describes the distribution of lake perimeter and proposes a technique that can contribute to understanding continental-scale processes.