A systematic review on ethical challenges of 'field' research in low-income and middle-income countries: respect, justice and beneficence for research staff?
A systematic review on ethical challenges of 'field' research in low-income and middle-income countries: respect, justice and beneficence for research staff?
复制标题
DOI：
10.1136/bmjgh-2021-005380
复制
发表时间：
2021-07
影响因子：
8.1
通讯作者：
Kaplan L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Steinert JI;Atika Nyarige D;Jacobi M;Kuhnt J;Kaplan L
低收入和中等收入国家(LMIC)的初级数据收集与一系列伦理复杂性有关。在当代伦理学话语中，关于如何充分确保研究人员福祉的思考在很大程度上被忽视了。这项系统的审查旨在确定不同层级和科学学科的研究人员在进行LMIC研究时面临的伦理挑战。我们检索了6种选定期刊的13个电子数据库和手工搜索的出版物以及所有纳入研究的参考文献清单。对发表日期、研究设计和目标人群没有任何限制。共检索到23篇 -151研究，其中183篇符合我们的纳入标准。我们确定了研究人员在实地研究过程中可能面临的九种不同类型的伦理挑战，包括(1)参与者的帮助请求可能出现的角色冲突，以及在某些研究环境中发现的高度剥夺，(2)负罪感和(3)有害的健康影响。进一步的挑战是(4)性骚扰(5)安全风险和(6)政治压制，特别是在冲突后、灾难频发或专制的学习环境中。此外，研究报告称，(7)工作条件不足，(8)研究团队内部权力失衡，而(9)伦理委员会被发现装备不足，无法预测和应对新出现的风险，从而增加了研究人员的道德责任。这项综述揭示了研究人员在数据收集过程中可能面临的几个复杂的伦理挑战。为了实现关于“安全和有保障的工作环境”的可持续发展目标8.8，并保护研究人员免受伤害，迫切需要对现行的道德标准进行修订。CRD42019131013
Primary data collection in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) is associated with a range of ethical complexities. Considerations on how to adequately ensure the well-being of research staff are largely neglected in contemporary ethics discourse. This systematic review aims to identify the ethical challenges that research staff across different hierarchical levels and scientific disciplines face when conducting research in LMICs. We searched 13 electronic databases and handsearched publications in six selected journals as well as the reference lists of all included studies. No restrictions were applied with respect to the publication date, research design, and target population. 23 151 studies were retrieved, 183 of which met our inclusion criteria. We identified nine different types of ethical challenges that research staff may be exposed to during field research, including (1) role conflicts that can emerge from participants’ help requests and the high level of deprivation found in certain study settings, (2) feelings of guilt and (3) detrimental mental health impacts. Further challenges were (4) sexual harassment (5) safety risks and (6) political repression, particularly in postconflict, disaster-ridden or autocratic study contexts. Additionally, studies reported (7) inadequate working conditions and (8) power imbalances within research teams, while (9) ethics boards were found to be ill equipped to anticipate and address emerging risks, thus increasing the ethical liability of researchers. This review revealed several complex ethical challenges that research staff may face during data collection. In order to achieve the Sustainable Development Goal 8.8 on ‘safe and secure working environments’ and to protect research staff from harm, amendments must urgently be made to current ethical standards. CRD42019131013
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Chaitin, J
通讯作者：
Chaitin, J
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Belur, Jyoti
通讯作者：
Belur, Jyoti
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Coles, Jan;Astbury, Jill;Limjerwala, Shazneen
通讯作者：
Limjerwala, Shazneen
影响因子：
3
作者：
Canavati, Sara E.;Quintero, Cesia E.;Whittaker, Maxine Anne
通讯作者：
Whittaker, Maxine Anne
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Calgaro, Emma
通讯作者：
Calgaro, Emma