Overview of migration, poverty and health dynamics in Nairobi City's slum settlements
Overview of migration, poverty and health dynamics in Nairobi City's slum settlements
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DOI：
10.1007/s11524-011-9595-0
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发表时间：
2011-06-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Falkingham, Jane
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zulu, Eliya M.;Beguy, Donatien;Falkingham, Jane
城市化、贫困和健康动态研究项目旨在生成和提供证据基础，帮助政府、发展伙伴和其他利益相关者了解城市贫民窟环境如何影响健康结果，从而刺激政策和行动，提高贫民窟居民的福祉。该计划嵌入内罗毕城市健康和人口监测系统，这是一个独特的、丰富的纵向研究平台，建立在肯尼亚内罗毕市的科罗戈乔和维万达尼贫民窟定居点。研究结果为贫民窟居民的生活环境以及贫困和移民状况如何与生命历程中的健康问题相互作用提供了丰富的见解。与将贫民窟视为同质居住实体的流行观点和信念相反，研究结果描绘了一幅高度动态和异质的环境图景。虽然贫民窟人口流动性很大，但约一半的人口是生活状况相对较好的长期居民，他们在贫民窟住区生活了 10 年以上。贫民窟居民在生命历程各个阶段表现出的不良健康状况根源于贫民窟住区的三个关键特征：环境条件和基础设施差；由于缺乏收入来支付治疗和预防服务，获得服务的机会有限；以及对质量差、大多是非正式和不受监管的卫生服务的依赖，这些服务不太适合满足贫民窟居民的独特现实和健康需求。因此，旨在改善贫民窟居民福祉的政策和方案应全面解决贫民窟居民健康和富有成效的生活所面临的潜在结构性、经济、行为和服务导向障碍。
The Urbanization, Poverty, and Health Dynamics research program was designed to generate and provide the evidence base that would help governments, development partners, and other stakeholders understand how the urban slum context affects health outcomes in order to stimulate policy and action for uplifting the wellbeing of slum residents. The program was nested into the Nairobi Urban Health and Demographic Surveillance System, a uniquely rich longitudinal research platform, set up in Korogocho and Viwandani slum settlements in Nairobi city, Kenya. Findings provide rich insights on the context in which slum dwellers live and how poverty and migration status interacts with health issues over the life course. Contrary to popular opinions and beliefs that see slums as homogenous residential entities, the findings paint a picture of a highly dynamic and heterogeneous setting. While slum populations are highly mobile, about half of the population comprises relatively well doing long-term dwellers who have lived in slum settlements for over 10 years. The poor health outcomes that slum residents exhibit at all stages of the life course are rooted in three key characteristics of slum settlements: poor environmental conditions and infrastructure; limited access to services due to lack of income to pay for treatment and preventive services; and reliance on poor quality and mostly informal and unregulated health services that are not well suited to meeting the unique realities and health needs of slum dwellers. Consequently, policies and programs aimed at improving the wellbeing of slum dwellers should address comprehensively the underlying structural, economic, behavioral, and service-oriented barriers to good health and productive lives among slum residents.