mTOR Pathways in Cancer and Autophagy.

mTOR Pathways in Cancer and Autophagy.
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DOI:
10.3390/cancers10010018
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发表时间:
2018-01-12
期刊:
影响因子:
5.2
通讯作者:
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中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Paquette M;El-Houjeiri L;Pause A

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TOR(雷帕霉素靶蛋白)是一种进化上保守的丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶,在营养状态、生长因子和应激信号的作用下,作为细胞生长、增殖和存活的中心调节因子。它在协调细胞生长和细胞死亡之间的平衡方面起着至关重要的作用,这取决于细胞的条件和需要。因此,十多年来,TOR已被鉴定为自噬的关键调节剂,并且该途径的几种失调已涉及多种病理性疾病,包括癌症。在分子水平上,自噬调控着几条可能决定癌细胞命运的生存或死亡信号通路;然而,自噬通路与癌症之间的关系仍处于萌芽状态。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了最近由TOR调节的细胞信号通路,它们与自噬的相互联系,以及TOR抑制剂在癌症中的临床意义。
TOR (target of rapamycin), an evolutionarily-conserved serine/threonine kinase, acts as a central regulator of cell growth, proliferation and survival in response to nutritional status, growth factor, and stress signals. It plays a crucial role in coordinating the balance between cell growth and cell death, depending on cellular conditions and needs. As such, TOR has been identified as a key modulator of autophagy for more than a decade, and several deregulations of this pathway have been implicated in a variety of pathological disorders, including cancer. At the molecular level, autophagy regulates several survival or death signaling pathways that may decide the fate of cancer cells; however, the relationship between autophagy pathways and cancer are still nascent. In this review, we discuss the recent cellular signaling pathways regulated by TOR, their interconnections to autophagy, and the clinical implications of TOR inhibitors in cancer.
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