The development of Drink Less: an alcohol reduction smartphone app for excessive drinkers
The development of Drink Less: an alcohol reduction smartphone app for excessive drinkers
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DOI：
10.1093/tbm/iby043
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发表时间：
2019-04-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Michie, Susan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Garnett, Claire;Crane, David;Michie, Susan
过度饮酒对公众健康构成严重问题。数字行为改变干预措施有可能帮助用户减少饮酒。根据开放科学原则，本文描述了一款智能手机应用程序的开发，以帮助过度饮酒的个人减少酒精消费量。根据英国医学研究理事会的指导和多阶段优化策略，开发包括两个阶段：(i)选择干预组件和（ii）设计和开发工作，将所选组件实现为模块，以进一步评估应用程序中的内容。第一阶段涉及范围界定文献综述，专家共识研究和现有酒精应用程序的内容分析。研究结果被整合到一个广泛的行为改变模型中（能力、机会、动机-行为）。第二阶段涉及一个高度迭代的过程，并使用“以人为本”的方法来促进用户粘性。从第一阶段开始，选择了五个干预组成部分：(i)规范反馈，（ii）认知偏见再训练，（iii）自我监控和反馈，（iv）行动计划，(v)身份改变。阶段2表明，每个组件在作为应用模块实现时都面临不同的挑战；所有这些都需要多次迭代和设计变更，以获得适合纳入后续评估研究的版本。“少喝”应用程序的开发包括一个彻底的组件识别过程，包括范围界定文献回顾、专家共识和对其他应用程序的回顾。将组件转换为应用模块需要一个高度迭代的过程，包括用户测试和设计修改。
Excessive alcohol consumption poses a serious problem for public health. Digital behavior change interventions have the potential to help users reduce their drinking. In accordance with Open Science principles, this paper describes the development of a smartphone app to help individuals who drink excessively to reduce their alcohol consumption. Following the UK Medical Research Council's guidance and the Multiphase Optimization Strategy, development consisted of two phases: (i) selection of intervention components and (ii) design and development work to implement the chosen components into modules to be evaluated further for inclusion in the app. Phase 1 involved a scoping literature review, expert consensus study and content analysis of existing alcohol apps. Findings were integrated within a broad model of behavior change (Capability, Opportunity, Motivation-Behavior). Phase 2 involved a highly iterative process and used the "Person-Based" approach to promote engagement. From Phase 1, five intervention components were selected: (i) Normative Feedback, (ii) Cognitive Bias Re-training, (iii) Self-monitoring and Feedback, ( iv) Action Planning, and (v) Identity Change. Phase 2 indicated that each of these components presented different challenges for implementation as app modules; all required multiple iterations and design changes to arrive at versions that would be suitable for inclusion in a subsequent evaluation study. The development of the Drink Less app involved a thorough process of component identification with a scoping literature review, expert consensus, and review of other apps. Translation of the components into app modules required a highly iterative process involving user testing and design modification.