Retrospective: animal attacks and rabies exposures in Thai children.
Retrospective: animal attacks and rabies exposures in Thai children.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.tmaid.2005.06.001
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发表时间：
2006-09-01
影响因子：
12
通讯作者：
Wilde, Henry
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sriaroon, Chakrapol;Sriaroon, Panida;Wilde, Henry
在泰国，超过50%的动物咬伤和潜在的狂犬病暴露者是儿童，由于缺乏经验、体型较小和抵御攻击的能力较差，儿童也受到更严重的伤害。潜在的狂犬病暴露和动物咬伤在泰国很常见。其中大多数是儿童，受伤的程度也要严重得多。被咬的区域与儿童的年龄和被咬动物头部的水平有关。这些地区感染狂犬病毒的风险较高，潜伏期较短。绝大多数咬伤是由狗造成的（86%），其中74.6%是流浪动物或社区拥有的动物。成人犬咬伤发生率无季节性变化，但儿童在学校放假期间出现两个高峰。针对泰国公众的广泛教育工作是迅速介绍受害者接受接触后治疗的原因。在过去几十年中，泰国人类狂犬病死亡人数的大幅减少主要是由于提供了昂贵的世卫组织标准暴露后治疗，利用了现代组织培养疫苗和免疫球蛋白。然而，犬和猫的狂犬病仍然是地方性的，不可能得到控制或消除，直到可持续的人道方法控制狗的数量和通过政府政策在全国范围内全面接种狂犬病疫苗成为可能。
Over 50% of animal bites and potential rabies exposures in Thailand are in children and they also have the more severe injuries due to inexperience, smaller size and less ability to fend off attacks. Potential rabies exposures and animal bites are common in Thailand. Majority of these are in children where the extent of the injuries is also much more severe. The bitten areas correlate to the age of the children and level of the bitten animal head. These are areas noted for a higher risk of infection with rabies virus and shorter incubation periods. The vast majority of bites are due to dogs (86%) of which 74.6% are stray or community-owned animals. The prevalence of dog bites shows no seasonal variation in adults but there are two peaks during school vacation period for children. Extensive educational efforts directed at the Thai public are responsible for the rapid presentation of victims for post-exposure treatment. The dramatic reduction of human rabies deaths in Thailand during the last decades was achieved largely by the provision of expensive WHO standard post-exposure treatment, utilizing modern tissue culture vaccines and immunoglobulins. Canine and feline rabies is nevertheless still endemic and not likely to be controlled or eliminated till sustainable humane methods of dog population control and comprehensive countrywide canine rabies vaccination become possible through government policy.