Ions, the Movement of Water and the Apoptotic Volume Decrease.
Ions, the Movement of Water and the Apoptotic Volume Decrease.
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DOI：
10.3389/fcell.2020.611211
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Cidlowski JA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bortner CD;Cidlowski JA
水穿过细胞膜的运动是在生长、细胞分裂和细胞死亡期间发生的自然生物过程。已知许多细胞通过固有的补偿调节机制来调节其细胞体积的变化。细胞可以感知其细胞体积的增加或减少，并分别通过称为调节体积增加（RVI）或减少（RVD）反应的机制进行补偿。钠、钾沿着其他离子和渗透物的运输使水进出细胞。这些补偿性体积调节机制使细胞维持在接近恒定的体积。被称为细胞凋亡的生理性细胞死亡过程的标志是细胞体积的损失或细胞收缩。这种细胞体积的损失与被称为坏死的意外细胞死亡过程中发生的情况形成鲜明对比。在坏死期间，细胞膨胀或获得水分，最终导致细胞溶解。因此，细胞在损伤后是否获得或失去水是细胞死亡的特定模式的定义特征。细胞凋亡过程中的细胞收缩或细胞体积损失被称为凋亡体积减少或AVD。多年来，细胞凋亡的这一显著特征在很大程度上被忽视，并被认为是一种被动的发生或仅仅是细胞死亡过程的结果。然而，对AVD的研究已经定义了一种潜在的离子运动，其不仅导致细胞体积的损失，而且还导致凋亡过程的激活和执行。这篇综述探讨了离子在控制水的运动，但细胞凋亡的调节中发挥的作用。我们将重点关注已知的特定离子通道和转运蛋白被确定为参与AVD，以及离子和水的运动如何改变细胞内环境，导致细胞收缩阶段和相关的凋亡特征。最后，我们将讨论这些概念，因为它们适用于不同的细胞类型，如神经元，心肌细胞和角膜上皮细胞。
The movement of water across the cell membrane is a natural biological process that occurs during growth, cell division, and cell death. Many cells are known to regulate changes in their cell volume through inherent compensatory regulatory mechanisms. Cells can sense an increase or decrease in their cell volume, and compensate through mechanisms known as a regulatory volume increase (RVI) or decrease (RVD) response, respectively. The transport of sodium, potassium along with other ions and osmolytes allows the movement of water in and out of the cell. These compensatory volume regulatory mechanisms maintain a cell at near constant volume. A hallmark of the physiological cell death process known as apoptosis is the loss of cell volume or cell shrinkage. This loss of cell volume is in stark contrast to what occurs during the accidental cell death process known as necrosis. During necrosis, cells swell or gain water, eventually resulting in cell lysis. Thus, whether a cell gains or loses water after injury is a defining feature of the specific mode of cell death. Cell shrinkage or the loss of cell volume during apoptosis has been termed apoptotic volume decrease or AVD. Over the years, this distinguishing feature of apoptosis has been largely ignored and thought to be a passive occurrence or simply a consequence of the cell death process. However, studies on AVD have defined an underlying movement of ions that result in not only the loss of cell volume, but also the activation and execution of the apoptotic process. This review explores the role ions play in controlling not only the movement of water, but the regulation of apoptosis. We will focus on what is known about specific ion channels and transporters identified to be involved in AVD, and how the movement of ions and water change the intracellular environment leading to stages of cell shrinkage and associated apoptotic characteristics. Finally, we will discuss these concepts as they apply to different cell types such as neurons, cardiomyocytes, and corneal epithelial cells.
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DOI：
10.1074/jbc.m111.329219
发表时间：
2012-03-30
期刊：
The Journal of biological chemistry
影响因子：
--
作者：
Conner MT;Conner AC;Bland CE;Taylor LH;Brown JE;Parri HR;Bill RM
通讯作者：
Bill RM
影响因子：
5.5
作者：
Brevnova, EE;Platoshyn, O;Yuan, JXJ
通讯作者：
Yuan, JXJ
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
de Tassigny, AD;Souktani, R;Berdeaux, A
通讯作者：
Berdeaux, A
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Cain, K;Langlais, C;Cohen, GM
通讯作者：
Cohen, GM
影响因子：
7.7
作者：
Elliott, JL;Higgins, CE
通讯作者：
Higgins, CE