Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis A virus in metropolitan areas in Japan
Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis A virus in metropolitan areas in Japan
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DOI：
10.1007/s00535-006-1888-9
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发表时间：
2006-10-01
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Itoh, Fumio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Takahashi, Hideaki;Yotsuyanagi, Hiroshi;Itoh, Fumio
背景甲型肝炎病毒（HAV）在日本的传播途径发生了变化。本研究调查了与遗传漂变有关的传播途径的变化。方法.对1993 ~ 2003年收治的60例甲型肝炎患者进行回顾性分析。测定了从其血清中回收的HAV的VP 1/2A区的核苷酸序列。结果疑似传播途径为家庭接触，19例（31%）;食物或水传播，16例（27%）;同性恋活动，11例（18%）;国际旅行，4例（7%）;未知10例。(17%). 11名可能因同性恋活动而感染的患者仅在1998年和1999年发现。通过同性性行为和家庭接触暴露的患者比例在这2年中高于其他年份。核苷酸序列可以确定58例患者。58个序列中有57个属于IA型HAV，核苷酸多样性小于10%。在1998年和1999年期间分离的27个序列中，25个具有相同的核苷酸序列，无论怀疑的传播途径如何。相反，在其他年份获得的序列彼此不同。从没有出国旅行史的患者中回收的序列构建的系统发育树显示了几个簇。结论.我们的研究结果表明：（1）通过同性性行为获得的HAV可能传播给非同性恋个体;（2）日本大都市地区的甲型肝炎主要由基因型IA HAV的散发感染引起;（3）基因型IA HAV的几种亚型在日本是地方性的。
Background. Transmission routes of hepatitis A virus (HAV) in Japan have changed. The present study investigated changes of transmission routes in relation to genetic drift. Methods. All 60 patients who were admitted between 1993 and 2003 with a diagnosis of hepatitis A were retrospectively analyzed. Nucleotide sequences of the VP1/2A region of the HAV recovered from their sera were determined. Results. The suspected transmission routes were household contact, 19 (31%); food or waterborne, 16 (27%); homosexual activity, 11 (18%); international travel, 4 (7%); and unknown 10. (17%). The 11 patients presumably infected through homosexual activity were found exclusively in 1998 and 1999. The proportion of patients exposed through homosexual behavior and household contact was higher in those 2 years than in other years. Nucleotide sequences could be determined for 58 patients. Fifty-seven of the 58 sequences belonged to genotype IA HAV, with less than 10% nucleotide diversity. Of the 27 sequences isolated during 1998 and 1999, 25 had an identical nucleotide sequence regardless of the suspected transmission route. In contrast, sequences obtained in the other years differed from one another. A phylogenetic tree constructed from sequences recovered from patients without a history of travel abroad showed several clusters. Conclusions. Our results suggest that (1) HAV acquired through homosexual activity may be transmitted to nonhomosexual individuals; (2) hepatitis A in metropolitan areas in Japan is caused mainly by sporadic infection with genotype IA HAV; and (3) several subtypes of genotype IA HAV are endemic in Japan.