Conversion of coastal wetlands, riparian wetlands and peatlands increases greenhouse gas emissions: a global meta-analysis
Conversion of coastal wetlands, riparian wetlands and peatlands increases greenhouse gas emissions: a global meta-analysis
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沿海湿地、河岸湿地和泥炭地的转变增加了温室气体排放：全球荟萃分析
DOI：
10.1111/gcb.14933
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
11.6
通讯作者：
Jianwu Tang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lishan Tan;Zhenming Ge;Xuhui Zhou;Shihua Li;Xiuzhen Li;Jianwu Tang
土地利用/土地覆盖变化(LULCC)往往导致自然湿地退化，影响温室气体(GHGs)的动态。然而，经历各种土地利用、土地利用的变化的湿地的温室气体排放的变化幅度仍然不清楚。我们对209个站点的数据库进行了全球荟萃分析，以考察LULCC类型的人工湿地、农田、养殖池塘、排水湿地和牧场对自然海岸湿地、河岸湿地和泥炭地二氧化碳、CH4和N2O排放的影响。结果表明，该自然湿地是大气CO2的净汇，CH4和N2O的净源，具有缓解全球综合变暖潜势(GWPS；-0.9GWPS；-0.9GWPS-8.7tCO2-eqha-1年)引起的温室效应的能力。与自然湿地相比，所有土地利用/土地利用的变化类型(滨海湿地的人工湿地除外)的净二氧化碳吸收减少了69.7−456.6%，这是由于生态系统呼吸的增加相对于初级生产力的轻微变化。与滨海湿地相比，人工湿地和养殖池塘的CH4排放量显著增加。与河岸湿地相关的所有LULCC类型都显著减少了CH4的排放。泥炭地退耕还草后，甲烷排放量显著增加。农田和泥炭地排干的湿地显著增加了自然湿地的N2O排放。结果表明，与滨海湿地相比，所有土地利用/土地利用类型(河岸湿地草地除外)的全球升温潜能值(GWPS)显著增加了65.4−2948.8%。LULCC的温室气体通量的变化主要对土壤水分、地下水位、盐分、土壤氮含量、土壤pH和容重的变化敏感。这项研究突出了LULCC在增加全球自然湿地温室气体综合排放量方面的重要作用，我们的结果对改进未来的模型和操作实验是有用的。
Land-use/land-cover change (LULCC) often results in degradation of natural wetlands and affects the dynamics of greenhouse gases (GHGs). However, the magnitude of changes in GHG emissions from wetlands undergoing various LULCC types remains unclear. We conducted a global meta-analysis with a database of 209 sites to examine the effects of LULCC types of constructed wetlands, croplands, aquaculture ponds, drained wetlands, and pastures on the variability in CO2, CH4 and N2O emissions from the natural coastal wetlands, riparian wetlands and peatlands. Our results showed that the natural wetlands were net sinks of atmospheric CO2 and net sources of CH4 and N2O, exhibiting the capacity to mitigate greenhouse effects due to negative comprehensive global warming potentials (GWPs; -0.9−-8.7 t CO2-eq ha-1 yr-1). Relative to the natural wetlands, all LULCC types (except constructed wetlands from coastal wetlands) decreased the net CO2 uptake by 69.7−456.6%, due to a higher increase in ecosystem respiration relative to slight changes in gross primary production. The constructed wetlands and aquaculture ponds significantly increased the CH4 emissions compared to those of the coastal wetlands. All LULCC types associated with the riparian wetlands significantly decreased the CH4 emissions. When the peatlands were converted to the pastures, the CH4 emissions significantly increased. The croplands, as well as drained wetlands from peatlands, significantly increased the N2O emissions in the natural wetlands. As a result, all LULCC types (except pastures from riparian wetlands) led to remarkably higher GWPs by 65.4−2948.8%, compared to those of the coastal wetlands. The variability in GHG fluxes with LULCC was mainly sensitive to changes in soil water content, water table, salinity, soil nitrogen content, soil pH and bulk density. This study highlights the significant role of LULCC in increasing comprehensive GHG emissions from global natural wetlands, and our results are useful for improving future models and manipulative experiments.