Pericyte-Endothelial Interactions in the Retinal Microvasculature.
Pericyte-Endothelial Interactions in the Retinal Microvasculature.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijms21197413
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发表时间：
2020-10-08
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Huang H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huang H
视网膜微血管对于神经视网膜的视觉功能至关重要。周细胞和内皮细胞是视网膜微血管的两种主要细胞成分。微血管的形成、成熟和稳定需要周细胞-内皮相互作用，这在许多视网膜血管疾病中受到干扰，例如早产儿视网膜病变、视网膜静脉阻塞和糖尿病视网膜病变。了解周细胞-内皮细胞相互作用和扰动的细胞和分子机制可以促进预防和治疗视网膜血管疾病的治疗干预的设计。视网膜神经血管单位（NVU）包括血管细胞、视网膜神经元和神经胶质细胞，周细胞-内皮细胞相互作用对于NVU的完整性和功能性是不可或缺的。在胚胎发育过程中，血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）、血小板源性生长因子亚基B（PDGFB）、Notch、Angipointein、Norrin和转化生长因子-β（TGF-β）等重要的自分泌和旁分泌信号通路在新生血管形成过程（血管发生和血管生成）中对周细胞-内皮细胞相互作用的调节作用已得到充分表征。它们还在病理条件下稳定和重塑成熟血管系统中发挥重要作用。异常的信号、异常的代谢和病理条件（如氧化应激和炎症）可以破坏周细胞和内皮细胞之间的通信，从而导致血-视网膜屏障（BRB）的破坏和其他微血管病。新出现的证据支持细胞外外来体在两种细胞类型之间的（错误）通信中的作用。本文就周细胞与内皮细胞间相互作用和通讯的最新研究进展作一综述，重点介绍视网膜微血管系统。
Retinal microvasculature is crucial for the visual function of the neural retina. Pericytes and endothelial cells (ECs) are the two main cellular constituents in the retinal microvessels. Formation, maturation, and stabilization of the micro-vasculatures require pericyte-endothelial interactions, which are perturbed in many retinal vascular disorders, such as retinopathy of prematurity, retinal vein occlusion, and diabetic retinopathy. Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms of pericyte-endothelial interaction and perturbation can facilitate the design of therapeutic intervention for the prevention and treatment of retinal vascular disorders. Pericyte-endothelial interactions are indispensable for the integrity and functionality of retinal neurovascular unit (NVU), including vascular cells, retinal neurons, and glial cells. The essential autocrine and paracrine signaling pathways, such as Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Platelet-derived growth factor subunit B (PDGFB), Notch, Angipointein, Norrin, and Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), have been well characterized for the regulation of pericyte-endothelial interactions in the neo-vessel formation processes (vasculogenesis and angiogenesis) during embryonic development. They also play a vital role in stabilizing and remodeling mature vasculature under pathological conditions. Awry signals, aberrant metabolisms, and pathological conditions, such as oxidative stress and inflammation, can disrupt the communication between pericytes and endothelial cells, thereby resulting in the breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier (BRB) and other microangiopathies. The emerging evidence supports extracellular exosomes’ roles in the (mis)communications between the two cell types. This review summarizes the essential knowledge and updates about new advancements in pericyte-EC interaction and communication, emphasizing the retinal microvasculature.
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