Formation of phage lysis patterns and implications on co-propagation of phages and motile host bacteria
Formation of phage lysis patterns and implications on co-propagation of phages and motile host bacteria
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007236
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发表时间：
2020-03-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Chen, Jing
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Xiaochu;Gonzalez, Floricel;Chen, Jing
噬菌体或噬菌体与其宿主细菌的共存在维持微生物群落方面发挥着重要作用。在营养物质有限的自然环境中，运动细菌可以主动迁移到资源更丰富的地方。尽管噬菌体本身不能运动，但它们可以感染能运动的细菌宿主并通过宿主在太空中传播。因此，在迁移的微生物群落中，细菌和噬菌体的共存意味着它们在空间中的共同繁殖。在这里，我们结合实验方法和数学模型来探索噬菌体及其运动宿主细菌如何共存和共同繁殖。当裂解噬菌体在我们的实验装置中遇到运动宿主细菌时，形成扇形裂解区。我们的数学模型表明，局部营养消耗以及由此产生的细菌和噬菌体增殖和运动的抑制是观察到的裂解模式形成的关键。该模型进一步揭示了裂解模式中的直径向边界，作为细菌和噬菌体共存和共同繁殖的明显标志。这种模式的出现，尽管对外在因素不敏感，但需要噬菌体和细菌的内在生物学特性之间的平衡，这可能是噬菌体和细菌共同进化的结果。作者摘要噬菌体及其细菌宿主的共存对于维持微生物群落非常重要。在迁移的微生物群落中，噬菌体和宿主细菌之间的共存意味着它们在空间中共同繁殖。在这里，我们报告了一种新的噬菌体裂解模式，它表明了这种共同繁殖。我们开发的相应数学模型强调了裂解模式的关键依赖性以及隐含的噬菌体-细菌共繁殖对允许微生物增殖和空间扩散的内在特性的依赖。相反，外在因素（例如总体营养水平）不会影响噬菌体-细菌的共存和共同繁殖。这项工作的发现对运动细菌群落介导的噬菌体的扩散具有重要意义，这将为噬菌体的快速增长应用提供科学依据。
Coexistence of bacteriophages, or phages, and their host bacteria plays an important role in maintaining the microbial communities. In natural environments with limited nutrients, motile bacteria can actively migrate towards locations of richer resources. Although phages are not motile themselves, they can infect motile bacterial hosts and spread in space via the hosts. Therefore, in a migrating microbial community coexistence of bacteria and phages implies their co-propagation in space. Here, we combine an experimental approach and mathematical modeling to explore how phages and their motile host bacteria coexist and co-propagate. When lytic phages encountered motile host bacteria in our experimental set up, a sector-shaped lysis zone formed. Our mathematical model indicates that local nutrient depletion and the resulting inhibition of proliferation and motility of bacteria and phages are the key to formation of the observed lysis pattern. The model further reveals the straight radial boundaries in the lysis pattern as a telltale sign for coexistence and co-propagation of bacteria and phages. Emergence of such a pattern, albeit insensitive to extrinsic factors, requires a balance between intrinsic biological properties of phages and bacteria, which likely results from coevolution of phages and bacteria.Author summaryCoexistence of phages and their bacterial hosts is important for maintaining the microbial communities. In a migrating microbial community, coexistence between phages and host bacteria implies that they co-propagate in space. Here we report a novel phage lysis pattern that is indicative of this co-propagation. The corresponding mathematical model we developed highlights a crucial dependence of the lysis pattern and implied phage-bacteria co-propagation on intrinsic properties allowing proliferation and spatial spreading of the microbes. In contrast, extrinsic factors, such as overall nutrient level, do not influence phage-bacteria coexistence and co-propagation. Findings from this work have strong implications for dispersal of phages mediated by motile bacterial communities, which will provide scientific basis for the fast-growing applications of phages.