The North Pacific Oscillation
The North Pacific Oscillation
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DOI：
10.1002/joc.3370010106
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发表时间：
1981
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Rogers
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Rogers
本文对1906 - 1978年1月和冬季（D-J-F）北太平洋涛动（NPO）进行了气候学研究。NPO的定义是阿拉斯加西部-东西伯利亚（以荷兰港和阿拉斯加州圣保罗的站点为代表）和加拿大西部（以埃德蒙顿为代表）之间平均温度异常符号的对立。这两种振荡模式，阿留申群岛低于正常温度（埃德蒙顿高于正常）和阿留申群岛高于正常温度（埃德蒙顿低于正常），与太平洋和北美上空的纬向西风带的强度变化，这反过来又导致阿留申群岛低的平均位置的纵向变化。平均低气压的向西位置。在鄂霍次克海上空，与北美西部强烈的平均高压单体的发展有关，而纬向气流则与阿拉斯加湾上空平均低压的位置更偏东有关。太平洋地转风的纬向分量的强度与太平洋区极地东风和副热带东风的纬向分量的强度存在显著的空间相关性。NPO模态与北美上空气温和降水、北太平洋海面温度和白令海海冰的大区域变化有关。发现NPO类似于一月和冬季海平面气压异常的第二特征向量。相反，它更频繁发生的对应物，北大西洋涛动，NPO是没有明确的半球平均温度的趋势和它的模式随时间随机发生。这两种振荡分别代表了北方半球海平面气压和纬向地转风的遥相关。
A climatological study of the North Pacific Oscillation (NPO) during Januaries and winters (D-J-F) between 1906 and 1978 is presented. The NPO is defined in terms of opposition in sign of mean temperature anomaly between western Alaska-eastern Siberia (as represented by the stations at Dutch Harbor and St. Paul, Alaska) and western Canada (as represented by Edmonton). The two oscillation modes, Aleutians below normal temperature (Edmonton above normal) and Aleutians above normal temperature (Edmonton below normal), are associated with variations in the strength of the zonal westerlies over the Pacific and North America which in turn result from longitudinal variations in the mean position of the Aleutian low. A westward location of the mean low. over the Sea of Okhotsk, is associated with the development of intense mean high pressure cells over western North America while zonal flow is associated with a more eastward location of the mean low over the Gulf of Alaska. Significant spatial correlations exist between the strength of the zonal component of the geostrophic wind over the Pacific Ocean and the zonal component of the polar and subtropical easterlies over the Pacific sector. The NPO modes are associated with large regional variations in air temperature and precipitation over North America, sea surface temperatures in the North Pacific, and Bering Sea ice. The NPO is found to resemble the second eigenvector of January and winter sea level pressure anomalies. In contrast to its more frequently occurring counterpart, the North Atlantic Oscillation, the NPO is not clearly associated with hemispheric mean temperature trends and its modes occur randomly with time. The two oscillations represent separate patterns of teleconnections of sea level pressure and zonal geostrophic winds over the Northern Hemisphere.