Invasion of a deciduous forest by earthworms: Changes in soil chemistry, microflora, microarthropods and vegetation
Invasion of a deciduous forest by earthworms: Changes in soil chemistry, microflora, microarthropods and vegetation
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DOI：
10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.12.019
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发表时间：
2007-05-01
影响因子：
9.7
通讯作者：
Scheu, Stefan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eisenhauer, Nico;Partsch, Stephan;Scheu, Stefan
北美北部的生态系统一直没有蚯蚓动物群存在，直到欧洲定居者到来并引入欧洲物种为止。目前，其中一些物种（Lumbricus terrestris L.、Octolasion tyrtaeum Savigny 和 Dendrobaena septaedra Savigny）入侵加拿大落基山脉的白杨森林的程度，以及入侵对土壤化学、微生物区系、土壤微节肢动物和植被的影响进行了调查。沿着从森林边缘开始的三个样带确定了蚯蚓种类的密度、土壤结构、植物覆盖率和丰度。在有 L. terrestris 的地方，枯枝落叶被纳入土壤中，而在有 O. tyrtaeum 的地方，有机层与矿质土壤层混合。当两个物种同时出现时，有机层几乎完全消失。在 L. terrestris 和 O. tyrtaeum 存在下，有机层中的碳和氮浓度降低。当存在 L. terrestris 和 O. tyrtaeum 时，微生物生物量和基础呼吸减少，可能是由于资源竞争和栖息地破坏。在 O. tyrtaeum 存在的情况下，微型节肢动物密度和微型节肢动物物种数量大幅减少（分别为 -75% 和 -22%），这可能是通过机械扰动、土壤紧实度增加和资源竞争造成的。一些植物物种的覆盖度与蚯蚓丰度相关，但其他植物物种的覆盖度则不然。尽管气候条件恶劣，矿质土壤蚯蚓物种对北方森林生态系统的入侵仍在继续，并对土壤结构、土壤化学、微生物、土壤微型节肢动物和植被产生了强烈影响。 (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。
Ecosystems of northern North America existed without earthworm fauna until European settlers arrived and introduced European species. The current extent of invasion by some of these species, Lumbricus terrestris L., Octolasion tyrtaeum Savigny and Dendrobaena octaedra Savigny, into an aspen forest in the Canadian Rocky Mountains and the effects of the invasion on soil chemistry, microflora, soil microarthropods and vegetation were investigated. Densities of earthworm species, soil structure, plant coverage and abundance were determined along three transects starting at the edge of the forest. At locations with L. terrestris, litter was incorporated into the soil, and where O. tyrtaeum was present, organic layers were mixed with mineral soil layers. Organic layers disappeared almost entirely when both species occurred together. Carbon and nitrogen concentrations were reduced in organic layers in the presence of L. terrestris and O. tyrtaeum. Microbial biomass and basal respiration were reduced when L. terrestris and O. tyrtaeum were present, presumably due to resource competition and habitat destruction. Microarthropod densities and the number of microarthropod species were strongly reduced in the presence of O. tyrtaeum (-75% and -22%, respectively), probably through mechanical disturbances, increasing compactness of the soil and resource competition. The coverage of some plant species was correlated with earthworm abundance, but the coverage of others was not. Despite harsh climatic conditions, the invasion of boreal forest ecosystems by mineral soil dwelling earthworm species is proceeding and strongly impacts soil structure, soil chemistry, microorganisms, soil microarthropods and vegetation. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.