Allometric Trophic Networks From Individuals to Socio-Ecosystems: Consumer–Resource Theory of the Ecological Elephant in the Room
Allometric Trophic Networks From Individuals to Socio-Ecosystems: Consumer–Resource Theory of the Ecological Elephant in the Room
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DOI：
10.3389/fevo.2020.00092
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发表时间：
2020-05
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Neo D. Martinez
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文献类型：
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作者：
Neo D. Martinez
一个著名的寓言是盲人研究大象，每个人都声称大象是他们第一次握在手中的部分，例如，“绳子！”尾巴保持器说，而腿保持器断言“树！”生态学的各个分支学科看起来都很相似，因为我们每个人都热衷于我们的热情，但至少有点短视的研究，对于我们所有研究的整个系统，我们的一致意见非常有限，甚至讨论也很有限。异速生长营养网络（ATN）理论提供了一条走出这一困境的道路，整合跨尺度，类群，栖息地和组织水平，从生理生态系统的基础上消费者资源之间的相互作用共存的生物。网络结构以及决定这些相互作用的结构和动力学的代谢和行为过程形成了ATN理论的第一原则，这反过来又为从生物到生态系统的生态学提供了一个综合的概述和有力的预测框架。除了生态学，ATN理论还综合了生态进化和社会生态学研究，仍然主要基于消费者资源机制，但分别与不同的过程，包括自然选择和市场机制相结合。本文简要介绍了ATN理论的基础，进展和未来的发展方向，包括预测一个生态系统的表型从其社区的基因型，以加速更多的预测和统一的理解复杂系统的生态学家和其他环境科学家研究。
A well-known parable is that of the blind men studying an elephant each of which assert the elephant is the part they first hold in their hands, e.g., “rope!” says the tail holder while the leg holder asserts “tree!” The various subdisciplines of ecology appear similar in that we each engage in our enthusiastic but at least somewhat myopic study with remarkably limited agreement or even discussion about the overall system which we all study. Allometric trophic network (ATN) theory offers a path out of this dilemma by integrating across scales, taxa, habitats and organizational levels from physiology to ecosystems based on consumer-resource interactions among co-existing organisms. The network architecture and the metabolic and behavioral processes that determine the structure and dynamics of these interactions form the first principles of ATN theory, which in turn provides a synthetic overview and powerfully predictive framework for ecology from organisms to ecosystems. Beyond ecology, ATN theory also synthesizes eco-evolutionary and socio-ecological research still largely based on consumer-resource mechanisms but respectively integrated with different processes including natural selection and market mechanisms. This paper briefly describes foundations, advances, and future directions of ATN theory including predicting an ecosystem’s phenotype from its community’s genotype in order to accelerate more predictive and unified understanding of the complex systems studied by ecologists and other environmental scientists.