The Pax3 and Pax7 paralogs cooperate in neural and neural crest patterning using distinct molecular mechanisms, in Xenopus laevis embryos
The Pax3 and Pax7 paralogs cooperate in neural and neural crest patterning using distinct molecular mechanisms, in Xenopus laevis embryos
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ydbio.2010.01.022
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发表时间：
2010-04-15
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Monsoro-Burq, Anne H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Maczkowiak, Frederique;Mateos, Stephanie;Monsoro-Burq, Anne H.
在脊椎动物的进化中，Pax3和Pax7基因在功能上存在分歧，为这两个基因之间的新角色分配和新功能的进化创造了机会。在这里，我们关注的是Pax7在两栖类胚胎大脑和神经脊中的调控和功能，与已描述的其他脊椎动物相比，它们表现出不同的PAX7表达模式。PAX7的表达仅限于中脑、后脑和前脊髓，通过限制OTX2的表达，Pax7的活性对维持这些区域的命运至关重要。相反，Pax3在整个神经轴上表现出更广泛的表达，Pax3的功能对后脑模式的形成很重要，而不影响OTX2的表达。此外，虽然这两个基因对神经脊的形成都是必不可少的，但我们证明了它们使用两种不同的机制来实现这一点：Pax3作用于将被诱导成神经脊的外胚层，而Pax7对于近轴中胚层向预期的神经脊的诱导活动是必不可少的。(C)2010 Elsevier Inc.保留所有权利。
Pax3 and Pax7 paralogous genes have functionally diverged in vertebrate evolution, creating opportunity for a new distribution of roles between the two genes and the evolution of novel functions. Here we focus on the regulation and function of Pax7 in the brain and neural crest of amphibian embryos, which display a different pax7 expression pattern, compared to the other vertebrates already described. Pax7 expression is restricted to the midbrain, hindbrain and anterior spinal cord, and Pax7 activity is important for maintaining the fates of these regions, by restricting otx2 expression anteriorly. In contrast, pax3 displays broader expression along the entire neuraxis and Pax3 function is important for posterior brain patterning without acting on otx2 expression. Moreover, while both genes are essential for neural crest patterning, we show that they do so using two distinct mechanisms: Pax3 acts within the ectoderm which will be induced into neural crest, while Pax7 is essential for the inducing activity of the paraxial mesoderm towards the prospective neural crest. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.