Correlates and Consequences of Eating Dependency in Institutionalized Elderly
Correlates and Consequences of Eating Dependency in Institutionalized Elderly
复制标题
机构化老年人饮食依赖的相关性和后果
DOI：
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发表时间：
1986
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
G. Oster
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Siebens;E. Trupe;A. Siebens;Francis Cook;Susan Anshen;Richard Hanauer;G. Oster
丧失独立进食能力是机构老人面临的主要问题。很少有研究研究与功能性进食能力丧失有关的因素。作者对一家技术护理机构的240名居民进行了横断面研究，对他们的功能性饮食状况进行了分类，确定了相关的缺陷，并对这些居民进行了6个月的跟踪调查。通过问卷调查、图表回顾和体检来收集信息。根据进餐时是否需要身体辅助，将居民分为独立型(68%，N=264)和依赖型(32%，N=76)两组。依赖状态与年龄(P=.88)或体重减轻(P=.27)无关。进食独立性的丧失与活动能力受损(P=.0001)、认知障碍(P=.0001)、改变一致性饮食(P=.0001)、上肢功能障碍(P=.0001)、口腔运动检查异常(P=.0002)、牙齿和假牙缺失(P=.002)、口腔和咽部吞咽阶段异常的行为指标(P=.0001)以及6个月内死亡率增加(P=.0001)有关。因此，对饮食的依赖与多种损伤和早期死亡有关。
Loss of independent eating capacity is a major problem for the institutionalized elderly. Few studies have examined the factors associated with loss of functional eating capacity. The authors cross‐sectionally studied 240 residents of a skilled nursing facility, classified their functional eating status, identified correlated deficits, and followed these residents for six months. Information was gathered through questionnaires, chart review, and physical examinations. Residents were stratified into independent (68%, N = 264) and dependent (32%, N = 76) eating status groups according to the need for physical assistance during meals. Dependency status did not correlate with age (P = .88) or weight loss (P = .27). Loss of independence in eating was associated with impaired mobility (P =.0001), impaired cognition (P =.0001), modified consistency diets (P = .0001), upper extremity dysfunction (P = .0001), abnormal oral‐motor examinations (P = .0002), absence of teeth and dentures (P = .002), behavioral indicators of abnormal oral and pharyngeal stages of swallowing (P = .0001), and increased mortality within six months (P = .0001). Eating dependency is therefore associated with multiple impairments and early mortality.