SYNERGISTIC LETHALITY INDUCED BY THE COMBINATION OF CARBON-MONOXIDE AND CYANIDE
SYNERGISTIC LETHALITY INDUCED BY THE COMBINATION OF CARBON-MONOXIDE AND CYANIDE
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DOI：
10.1016/0300-483x(86)90073-9
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发表时间：
1986-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
HUME, AS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
NORRIS, JC;MOORE, SJ;HUME, AS
一氧化碳（CO）和氰化氢是公认的塑料材料在火灾中的热解产物。在火灾受害者中发现了致命的CO和氰化物血液浓度，并被认为是死亡原因。然而，有报告称火灾受害者的CO和氰化物浓度低于致死浓度，并且没有其他原因导致他们死亡。因此，本研究的目的是调查低浓度的CO和氰化物诱导的致死率。在这些研究中使用雄性ICR小鼠。氰化钾剂量（4-9 mg/kg，i. p.）给药于用空气或CO（0.63-0.66%）预处理3分钟的动物。从这些数据中的LD 50值的氰化钾（KCN），在这些动物预处理的空气或CO。一个显着降低的LD 50值的KCN被发现在CO预处理的动物相比，空气预处理的动物。在另一系列实验中，动物用盐水或KCN（1.00-6.35 mg/kg，i. p.） 然后置于含有CO气氛（0.325-0.375%）的室中。在监测期结束时，10 - 20%的盐水预处理动物死亡。亚致死剂量KCN（3.5-6.35 ng/kg，i. p.）与盐水预处理的动物相比产生协同致死性。分析血液中的CO和氰化物含量，以确定是否有任何变化可以解释这种增加的致死率。这些治疗组之间的CO或氰化物血液浓度无差异。从这些数据中可以看出，一氧化碳和氰化物的组合诱导的协同致死性不能用改变的一氧化碳或氰化物血液浓度来解释。
Carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen cyanide are recognized pyrolytic products of plastic materials in fires. Lethal blood concentrations of CO and cyanide are found in fire victims and considered to be the cause of death. However, there are reports of fire victims with sublethal concentrations of both CO and cyanide and no other attributed reason for their deaths. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate lethality induced by low concentrations of CO and cyanide. Male ICR mice were used in these studies. Doses of potassium cyanide (4-9 mg/kg, i.p.) were administered to animals pretreated for 3 min with either air or CO (0.63-0.66%). From these data the LD50 value of potassium cyanide (KCN) was determined in these animals pretreated with either air or CO. A significantly lower LD50 value for KCN was found in CO-pretreated animals as compared to air-pretreated animals. In another series of experiments, animals were pretreated with either saline or KCN (1.00-6.35 mg/kg, i.p.) and then placed in the chamber containing a CO atmosphere (0.325-0.375%). Ten to 20% of saline-pretreated animals were dead at the end of the monitoring period. Sublethal doses of KCN (3.5-6.35 ng/kg, i.p.) produced a synergistic lethality as compared to the saline-pretreated animals. Blood was analyzed for CO and cyanide content to determine if there were any changes that could explain this augmented lethality. There was no difference in CO or cyanide blood concentrations between these treatment groups. From these data there was demonstrated a synergistic lethality induced by the combination of CO and cyanide that could not be explained by altered CO or cyanide blood concentrations.