Caribbean island states in a social-ecological panarchy? Complexity theory, adaptability and environmental knowledge systems
Caribbean island states in a social-ecological panarchy? Complexity theory, adaptability and environmental knowledge systems
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ancene.2016.03.002
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发表时间：
2016-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Ratter, Beate M. W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Holdschlag, Arnd;Ratter, Beate M. W.
许多社会生态敏感的小岛发展中国家（SID）越来越面临全球（气候）变化的可持续发展风险。然而，鉴于经济成功，巨大的异质性，发展的发展路径不同以及小岛展示的适应性潜力的不同潜力，据称有助于脆弱性的因素的有效性是有争议的。耦合社会生态系统（SES）的不确定性，脆弱性和韧性的研究可以为可持续性辩论提供宝贵的贡献。基于复杂性理论的基本原理，社会生态适应性的概念以及Panarchy，本文强调了基于上下文，混合和有限的环境知识知识以及风险知识系统和文化的作用。格林纳达州（加勒比东部）灾难管理组织的模式和巴哈马（西加勒比海）的环境治理在各种时空量表上都可以作为案例研究。知识的产生和交流，各种知识系统的困难（跨尺度）整合，经验和记忆的作用以及社会/机构学习和惯性是重要的因素，这是社会适应性的增强。这些发现进一步表明，加勒比海小岛阵线仍然存在重大挑战。这些包括长期，社会，本地和部门分化的漏洞；治理和沟通不足；知识系统的分歧和空间界限的性质。 （c）2016 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。
Many social-ecologically sensitive Small Island Developing States (SIDS) increasingly face global (climate) change risks to sustainable development. However, the validity of factors said to contribute toward vulnerability is disputed in light of the differing economic success, enormous heterogeneity, divergent paths of development, and varying potential for adaptability displayed by small islands. Research on uncertainty, vulnerability and resilience of coupled social-ecological systems (SES) can provide a valuable contribution to the sustainability debate. Based on the fundamentals of complexity theory, the notions of social-ecological adaptability, and panarchy, this article highlights the role of context-based, hybrid, and limited environmental knowledge and risk knowledge systems and cultures. The modes of organization of disaster management in Grenada (Eastern Caribbean) and environmental governance in The Bahamas (Western Caribbean) on various spatio-temporal scales serve as case studies. The production and communication of knowledge, the difficult (cross-scale) integration of diverse knowledge systems, the role of experience and memory, as well as social/institutional learning and inertia appear as significant factors as regards the strengthening of social adaptability. The findings further demonstrate that significant challenges remain for Caribbean SIDS. These include long-term, socially, locally, and sectorally differentiated vulnerabilities; deficits in governance and communication; and the diverging and spatially-temporally bounded nature of knowledge systems. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.