Polygenic adaptation fuels genetic redundancy in Drosophila

Polygenic adaptation fuels genetic redundancy in Drosophila
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多基因适应促进果蝇的遗传冗余

DOI:
10.1101/332122
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发表时间:
2018
期刊:
bioRxiv
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Christian Schlöetterer
Christian Schlöetterer
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Neda Barghi;R. Tobler;V. Nolte;Ana Marija Jakšić;F. Mallard;K. Otte;M. Dolezal;Thomas Taus;R. Kofler;Christian Schlöetterer

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适应性性状的遗传结构对于预测进化反应具有重要意义。大多数适应性性状是多基因的-即来自大量遗传位点的选择-但大多数分子特征的性状有一个简单的遗传基础。这种差异最好的解释是在许多贡献基因座上检测小的等位基因频率变化的困难。为了解决这个问题,我们使用了实验室自然选择,这是一个强大的框架,足以检测选择性扫描和多基因适应的签名。我们暴露了10个重复的果蝇模拟人口的一个新的温度制度,并发现了一个多基因结构的适应性性状与适应性等位基因之间的高遗传冗余。我们观察到收敛的表型反应,例如健身,代谢率和脂肪含量,和一个强大的多基因反应(99个选择的等位基因,平均值S=0.061)。然而,这些选择的等位基因中的每一个仅在进化的复制品的子集中频率增加。结果表明,天然D.拟人种群拥有一个巨大的适应性变异库,促进了快速的进化反应。所观察到的遗传冗余通过导致表型收敛的多个遗传途径增强这种基因型变异。适应性等位基因的这一关键特性要求在自然种群中修改测试策略,而不仅仅是在分子水平上寻找收敛。
The genetic architecture of adaptive traits is of key importance to predict evolutionary responses. Most adaptive traits are polygenic – i.e. result from selection on a large number of genetic loci – but most molecularly characterized traits have a simple genetic basis. This discrepancy is best explained by the difficulty in detecting small allele frequency changes across many contributing loci. To resolve this, we use laboratory natural selection, a framework that is powerful enough to detect signatures for selective sweeps and polygenic adaptation. We exposed 10 replicates of a Drosophila simulans population to a new temperature regime and uncovered a polygenic architecture of an adaptive trait with high genetic redundancy among adaptive alleles. We observed convergent phenotypic responses, e.g. fitness, metabolic rate and fat content, and a strong polygenic response (99 selected alleles; mean s=0.061). However, each of these selected alleles increased in frequency only in a subset of the evolving replicates. Our results show that natural D. simulans populations harbor a vast reservoir of adaptive variation facilitating rapid evolutionary responses. The observed genetic redundancy potentiates this genotypic variation through multiple genetic pathways leading to phenotypic convergence. This key property of adaptive alleles requires the modification of testing strategies in natural populations beyond the search for convergence on the molecular level.
DOI: 10.1016/j.tpb.2017.06.001
发表时间: 2017-12-01
影响因子: 1.4
作者:
Barton, N. H.;Etheridge, A. M.;Veber, A.
通讯作者: Veber, A.
DOI: 10.1086/302879
发表时间: 2000-05-01
影响因子: 9.8
作者:
Hamblin, MT;Di Rienzo, A
通讯作者: Di Rienzo, A
选择用于风洞飞行的大量黑腹果蝇以较小的健身成本实现大的遗传变化:重新思考健身表面。
DOI: 10.1093/genetics/144.1.205
发表时间: 1996
期刊: Genetics
影响因子: 3.3
作者:
Weber,KE
通讯作者: Weber,KE