The Power of Ignoring: Filtering Input for Argument Structure Acquisition

The Power of Ignoring: Filtering Input for Argument Structure Acquisition
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忽略的力量:过滤参数结构获取的输入

DOI:
10.1111/cogs.13080
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
影响因子:
2.5
通讯作者:
Lidz, Jeffrey
Lidz, Jeffrey
中科院分区:
心理学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Perkins, Laurel;Feldman, Naomi H.;Lidz, Jeffrey

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Learning in any domain depends on how the data for learning are represented. In the domain of language acquisition, children's representations of the speech they hear determine what generalizations they can draw about their target grammar. But these input representations change over development as a function of children's developing linguistic knowledge, and may be incomplete or inaccurate when children lack the knowledge to parse their input veridically. How does learning succeed in the face of potentially misleading data? We address this issue using the case study of “non‐basic” clauses in verb learning. A young infant hearingWhat did Amy fix?might not recognize thatwhatstands in for the direct object offix, and might think thatfixis occurring without a direct object. We follow a previous proposal that children might filter nonbasic clauses out of the data for learning verb argument structure, but offer a new approach. Instead of assuming that children identify the data to filter in advance, we demonstrate computationally that it is possible for learners to infer a filter on their input without knowing which clauses are nonbasic. We instantiate a learner that considers the possibility that it misparses some of the sentences it hears, and learns to filter out those parsing errors in order to correctly infer transitivity for the majority of 50 frequent verbs in child‐directed speech. Our learner offers a novel solution to the problem of learning from immature input representations: Learners may be able to avoid drawing faulty inferences from misleading data by identifying a filter on their input, without knowing in advance what needs to be filtered.
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