Maternal anxiety from pregnancy to 2 years postpartum: transactional patterns of maternal early adversity and child temperament
Maternal anxiety from pregnancy to 2 years postpartum: transactional patterns of maternal early adversity and child temperament
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DOI：
10.1007/s00737-014-0491-y
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发表时间：
2015-10-01
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Fleming, Alison S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Agrati, Daniella;Browne, Dillon;Fleming, Alison S.
本研究的目的是检查女性从怀孕到产后两年的焦虑轨迹，并评估她们的早期生活经历和孩子的气质对这些轨迹的影响。我们评估了怀孕时和产后 3、6、12、18 和 24 个月的状态焦虑（状态特质焦虑量表），并根据自我报告的早期不良经历（童年创伤问卷）和 18 个月时孩子的气质（早期儿童行为问卷）确定其过程。基于生长曲线模型，我们发现从妊娠期到产后两年，焦虑总体上呈 U 形模式，并受到女性早期生活经历的影响。早期逆境越大，妊娠焦虑越高，婴儿出生后焦虑明显减少，产后后期焦虑增加。孩子的气质也会调节焦虑轨迹。因此，孩子的负面情绪高且早期经历了更大的逆境的母亲的焦虑轨迹升高且平坦，而孩子的外向性则与产后近两年焦虑程度的增加有关。这些结果表明，产妇焦虑在产后期动态变化，其过程受到以前和当前经历的影响。
The aims of this study were to examine the anxiety trajectories of women from pregnancy to 2 years postpartum and to assess the influence of their early life experiences and the temperament of the child on these trajectories. We evaluated state anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) at pregnancy and 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months postpartum and determined its course as a function of self-reported early adverse experiences (Childhood Trauma Questionnaire) and the temperament of the child at 18 months (Early Child Behavior Questionnaire). Based on growth curve modeling, we found that anxiety followed a general U-shape pattern from gestation to 2 years postpartum, which was modified by early life experience of women. Greater early adversity was associated with higher gestational anxiety, followed by a marked decrease once the baby was born, and subsequent increase during the later postpartum period. The temperament of the child also modulated anxiety trajectories. Thus, mothers of children high in negative affectivity and who also experienced greater early adversity had elevated and flat anxiety trajectories, while child extraversion was associated with increasing anxiety courses approaching 2 years postpartum. These results show that maternal anxiety dynamically changes through the postpartum period with a course that is affected by previous and current experiences.