Knowledge networking : structure and performance in networks of practice
Knowledge networking : structure and performance in networks of practice
复制标题
知识网络：实践网络的结构和性能
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Teigland
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Teigland
跨国组织基于其有效整合日益分散在其全球业务中的知识的能力，创造了可持续的竞争优势。这些知识以专门的形式存在于组织的个人成员中，当个人执行日常工作任务时，他们参与与公司知识整合过程相关的活动。在此过程中，个人建立并参与被称为实践网络的新兴网络，这些网络跨越跨国公司的组织内部边界以及法律边界。基于公司基于知识的观点，特别是知识整合理论，我们研究了这些个人层面的活动及其与个人中心性和绩效结果的关系。利用一家跨国新媒体咨询公司的调查和社交网络数据，我们为整个跨国公司 28 个办事处的 1698 名人员重新创建了非正式建议网络（响应率为 84.7%）。我们通过结构方程模型发现的结果表明，组织应该支持个人层面的活动，这些活动不仅包括内部知识源的使用，还包括非正式的外部知识源的使用，例如参与组织间实践网络。研究结果还表明，根据目标是高效知识集成还是灵活知识集成，与知识集成相关的活动有不同的模式。讨论了公司、跨国公司和实践网络的知识观理论的含义以及对实践的一些含义。
Multinational organizations create sustainable competitive advantage based on their ability to effectively integrate knowledge that is increasingly dispersed throughout their global operations. This knowledge resides in specialized form among the organization's individual members, and as individuals perform their everyday work tasks, they participate in activities related to the firm's knowledge integration processes. In so doing, individuals build and participate in emergent networks that have been labeled networks of practice, which spread across the multinational's intra-organizational boundaries as well as across its legal boundaries. Grounded in the knowledge-based view of the firm and in particular theories of knowledge integration, we investigate these individual level activities and their relationship to individual outcomes of centrality and performance. Using survey and social network data from a multinational new media consulting company, we recreated the informal advice networks for the entire multinational of 1698 individuals spread across 28 offices (84.7% response rate). We find results through structural equation modeling that suggest that organizations should support individual level activities that include not only the use of internal knowledge sources but also the use of informal, external knowledge sources, such as participation in interorganizational networks of practice. Research results also suggest that there are different patterns of activities related to knowledge integration depending on whether efficient knowledge integration or flexible knowledge integration is the goal. Implications for theories of the knowledge-based view of the firm, the multinational, and networks of practice are discussed as well as some implications for practice.