Differential Colonization of the Plant Vasculature Between Endophytic Versus Pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum Strains
Differential Colonization of the Plant Vasculature Between Endophytic Versus Pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum Strains
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内生与致病性尖孢镰刀菌菌株之间植物维管系统的差异定殖
DOI：
10.1094/mpmi-08-22-0166-sc
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Ma, Li-Jun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Martínez-Soto, Domingo;Yu, Houlin;Allen, Kelly S.;Ma, Li-Jun
植物木质部定殖是尖孢镰刀菌复合体中由植物病原菌引起的枯萎病的标志。最近，木质部定殖也被报道在内生真菌中。oxysporumstrains，导致一些不确定性。本研究比较了拟南芥和番茄中病原菌与内生菌株的木质部定殖过程，使用拟南芥病原菌Fo5176，番茄病原菌Fol4287和内生菌Fo47，它们可以定殖于两种植物宿主。我们观察到所有菌株都能够在接种后3天内从表皮进入内皮层，并在接种后4天到达根木质部。然而，这种共享的进展仅限于侧根和主根的伸长区。只有病原菌到达木质部以上的主根成熟区（PMZ）。与不同的定殖模式，我们还观察到更强的诱导胼胝质在PMZ和木质素沉积在初级侧根交界处的内生菌在两种植物。与病原相互作用（Fo 5176）相比，内生定殖过程中参与愈伤组织和木质素生物合成的愈伤组织基因（Fo 47）的诱导更强，进一步支持了这一观察结果。此外，这两种病原体编码更多的植物细胞壁降解酶比内生菌Fo47。因此，观察到的胼胝质和木质素沉积的差异可能是宿主生产和随后的真菌降解的组合。总之，这项研究证明了内生和病原定殖之间的空间差异，强烈表明需要进一步研究分子臂竞赛以了解植物如何区分朋友和敌人。版权所有© 2023作者。这是一篇开放获取的文章，在CC BY-NC-ND 4.0国际许可下分发。
Plant xylem colonization is the hallmark of vascular wilt diseases caused by phytopathogens within theFusarium oxysporumspecies complex. Recently, xylem colonization has also been reported among endophyticF. oxysporumstrains, resulting in some uncertainty. This study compares xylem colonization processes by pathogenic versus endophytic strains inArabidopsis thalianaandSolanum lycopersicum, usingArabidopsispathogen Fo5176, tomato pathogen Fol4287, and the endophyte Fo47, which can colonize both plant hosts. We observed that all strains were able to advance from epidermis to endodermis within 3 days postinoculation (dpi) and reached the root xylem at 4 dpi. However, this shared progression was restricted to lateral roots and the elongation zone of the primary root. Only pathogens reached the xylem above the primary-root maturation zone (PMZ). Related to the distinct colonization patterns, we also observed stronger induction of callose at the PMZ and lignin deposition at primary-lateral root junctions by the endophyte in both plants. This observation was further supported by stronger induction ofArabidopsisgenes involved in callose and lignin biosynthesis during the endophytic colonization (Fo47) compared with the pathogenic interaction (Fo5176). Moreover, both pathogens encode more plant cell wall–degrading enzymes than the endophyte Fo47. Therefore, observed differences in callose and lignin deposition could be the combination of host production and the subsequent fungal degradation. In summary, this study demonstrates spatial differences between endophytic and pathogenic colonization, strongly suggesting that further investigations of molecular arm-races are needed to understand how plants differentiate friend from foe.Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.