Reward/Punishment-Based Decision Making in Rodents.
Reward/Punishment-Based Decision Making in Rodents.
复制标题
啮齿类动物基于奖励/惩罚的决策。
DOI：
10.1002/cpns.100
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Simon,NicholasW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Orsini,CaitlinA;Simon,NicholasW
决策缺陷是许多精神疾病的核心，如药物滥用障碍和注意缺陷多动障碍。因此，啮齿动物的决策模型与理解适应性选择行为背后的神经机制以及这些机制如何在病理条件下受到损害密切相关。必须与奖励价值相结合以确保最佳决策的一个关键因素是后果的发生，其可能基于概率（惩罚风险）和时间连续性（延迟惩罚）而有所不同。本文将重点讨论两种涉及明确惩罚的决策模型，这两种模型都概括了人类决策过程中后果的不同方面。我们将讨论每个行为协议，设计实验时要考虑的参数，以及最后如何将这些动物模型用于精神疾病的研究。© 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.基本协议1：行为训练支持协议：设备测试替代协议：奖励歧视基本协议2：风险决策任务（RDT）基本协议3：延迟惩罚决策任务（DPDT）
Deficits in decision making are at the heart of many psychiatric diseases, such as substance abuse disorders and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Consequently, rodent models of decision making are germane to understanding the neural mechanisms underlying adaptive choice behavior and how such mechanisms can become compromised in pathological conditions. A critical factor that must be integrated with reward value to ensure optimal decision making is the occurrence of consequences, which can differ based on probability (risk of punishment) and temporal contiguity (delayed punishment). This article will focus on two models of decision making that involve explicit punishment, both of which recapitulate different aspects of consequences during human decision making. We will discuss each behavioral protocol, the parameters to consider when designing an experiment, and finally how such animal models can be utilized in studies of psychiatric disease. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Behavioral trainingSupport Protocol: Equipment testingAlternate Protocol: Reward discriminationBasic Protocol 2: Risky decision‐making task (RDT)Basic Protocol 3: Delayed punishment decision‐making task (DPDT)